Letter encoding is an obligatory but capacity-demanding operation.

Controlled and automatic human information processing: II. Perceptual learning, automatic attending and a general theory.

Richard M. Shiffrin, Walter Schneider · Psychological Review · 1977 · 7.1K citations

Information Processing, Neurolinguistics, Exploratory Search +23

Toward a theory of automatic information processing in reading

David LaBerge, S. Jay Samuels · Cognitive Psychology · 1974 · 3.8K citations · Full text

Document Processing, Information Retrieval, Computational Linguistics +7

Components of attention.

Michael I. Posner, Stephen J. Boies · Psychological Review · 1971 · 1.7K citations

Cognitive Science, Infant Attention, Affective Neuroscience +7

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William F. Battig, Benton J. Underwood, Rudolph W. Schulz · The American Journal of Psychology · 1961 · 1.2K citations

Cognitive Science, Learning Sciences, Learning Theory +9

Tables of single-letter and digram frequency counts for various word-length and letter-position combinations.

M. S. Mayzner, M. E. Tresselt · 1965 · 340 citations

Combinatorics On Word, Digram Frequency Counts, Computational Linguistics +4