The Structure of Electromagnetic Wave-Induced 557.7-nm Emission Associated with a Sporadic-<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi mathvariant="italic">E</mml:mi></mml:math>Event over Arecibo

Abstract

We report observations of electromagnetic wave-induced 557.7-nm emission in correspondence with a sporadic low-altitude plasma layer (the sporadic- E layer, E(s)). We show that the structure of 557. 7-nm emission seen for some events results from a transformation of transmitted energy by ionization clouds, compiling the patchy type E(s), and presents a projection of the sporadic- E layer structure on the emission altitude. This allows us to propose the first method for visualizing a horizontal structure of sporadic- E layers.