Model-Independent Bounds on Kinetic Mixing

Abstract

New Abelian vector bosons can kinetically mix with the hypercharge gauge boson of the Standard Model. This letter computes the model-independent limits on vector bosons with masses from 1 GeV to 1 TeV. The limits arise from the numerous<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:msup><mml:mi>e</mml:mi><mml:mo>−</mml:mo></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math>experiments that have been performed in this energy range and bound the kinetic mixing by<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>ϵ</mml:mi><mml:mo>≲</mml:mo><mml:mn>0.03</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:math>for most of the mass range studied, regardless of any additional interactions that the new vector boson may have.