Impact of the Antiretroviral Treatment Program on the Burden of Hospitalization for Culture-confirmed Tuberculosis in South African Children

Abstract

Increase in ART coverage was associated with significant decline in TB hospitalizations in HIV-infected children. This reduction may also in part have been due to reduced Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission resulting from increased ART access among HIV-infected adults, which may have contributed to the reduction of culture-confirmed TB in HIV-uninfected children.