Transient Scrotal Hyperthermia and Levonorgestrel Enhance Testosterone-Induced Spermatogenesis Suppression in Men through Increased Germ Cell Apoptosis

Abstract

Heat causes a rapid and transient suppression of spermatogenesis. TU plus heat resulted in low-sperm output that was maintained by continuous treatment with TU. Addition of an oral progestin accelerated spermatogenesis suppression by TU alone. Increased germ cell apoptosis contributed to suppression of spermatogenesis.