Embryogenic Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration from Unfertilized Ovule of 'Kyoho' Grape.

Abstract

Unfertilized ovules were excised 19-21 days before anthesis and cultured in a liquid medium to induce embryogenic callus from 'Kyoho' grape (Vitis×labruscana). The culture medium consisted of half strength MS supplemented with 1.0μM 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) and 0.2-5.0μM N-(1, 2, 3-thiadiazol-5-yl)-N'-phenylurea (TDZ, thidiazuron), or 1.0μM 2, 4-D and 0.2μM N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N'-phenylurea (CPPU). After 3-4 months of culture, the embryogenic calli produced from the ovules were successfully subcultured to maintain a high embryogenic potential for over one year. When these adventitious embryos were transferred to a modified 1/2MS hormone-free medium, plantlets were regenerated 1-2.5 months later. This is the first embryogenic callus induction and plant regeneration from 'Kyoho' grape.