Concepedia

Effects of repeated withdrawal episodes, nicotine dose, and duration of nicotine exposure on the severity and duration of nicotine withdrawal in rats

Karen L. Skjei, Athina Markou

Psychopharmacology · 2003 · 92 citations · 77 references

DOI

Concepts

References

77

Treating tobacco use and dependence-Clinical practice guideline

Fiore Mc · Medical Entomology and Zoology · 2000 · 3.6K citations

, , +10

Treating Tobacco Use and Dependence

PEDIATRICS · 2008 · 2.7K citations

, , +9

Signs and Symptoms of Tobacco Withdrawal

John R. Hughes · Archives of General Psychiatry · 1986 · 1.6K citations

Dramatic decreases in brain reward function during nicotine withdrawal

Mark P. Epping-Jordan, Shelly S. Watkins, George F. Koob et al. · Nature · 1998 · 675 citations

, , +6

A Critical Evaluation

George L. Maddox · The Gerontologist · 1964 · 577 citations

, , +18