Active and Passive Surveillance and Phylogenetic Analysis of <i>Borrelia burgdorferi</i> Elucidate the Process of Lyme Disease Risk Emergence in Canada

Abstract

These data are consistent with I. scapularis ticks dispersed from the United States by migratory birds, founding populations where the climate is warmest, and then establishment of B. burgdorferi from the United States several years after I. scapularis have established. These observations provide vital information for public health to minimize the impact of LD in Canada.