Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities in tokamak edge plasmas

Abstract

The parallel Kelvin–Helmholtz instability is investigated as a possible explanation for poloidal asymmetries of density fluctuations which reverse with the plasma current direction. It is shown that these modes are localized around the position where the radial gradient of parallel velocity is maximum. Two mechanisms lead to unstable Kelvin–Helmholtz modes; the acceleration of ions in a presheath and the anomalous Stringer spin-up due to asymmetries of the particle flux. Up–down asymmetries are explained by combining these two effects. Depending on the limiter configuration, the Stringer effect amplifies or weakens the flow due to presheath acceleration. This type of asymmetry reverses with the plasma current direction.