The Laryngoscope · 1992 · 106 citations · 11 references
Abductor laryngeal dystonia presents with a hoarse voice interrupted by breathy or whispered segments, and botulinum toxin has proven safe and effective for adductor laryngeal dystonia, forming the basis for its use in this study. The study aimed to extend the established botulinum toxin treatment program to patients with abductor laryngeal dystonia starting in 1989. Thirty‑two patients received sequential percutaneous EMG‑guided injections of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscles, with ten also receiving cricothyroid injections or type I laryngoplasty. Most patients improved to about 70 % of normal voice after bilateral PCA injections, though those with preexisting tremor, multi‑muscle dystonia, vocal tremor, or respiratory dysrhythmia showed less improvement.
Abstract Abductor laryngeal dystonia (LD) is characterized by a hoarse voice quality which is broken up by breathy or whispered portions. Botulinum toxin injection (Botox) has been a safe and effective treatment for adductor laryngeal dystonia and is currently accepted medical therapy. As an extension of the established treatment program, in 1989 treatment of abductor LD was initiated. Thirty‐two patients have been treated by sequential percutaneous electromyogram‐guided (EMG) injections of the posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscles. Most patients required treatment of both PCA muscles and improved to an average of 70% of normal voice. Patients who had a preexisting tremor, evidence of dystonia in other muscle groups, vocal tremor, or respiratory dysrhythmia had less improvement. Ten patients also required injection of the cricothyroid muscles and/or type I laryngoplasty.
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Emre Kokmen · JAMA · 1976 · 1K citations
Articulation (Speech Science), Pathological Speech, Motor Speech Examination +19
Effects of botulinum toxin injections on speech in adductor spasmodic dysphonia
Christy L. Ludlow, Ralph F. Naunton, S. E. Sectary et al. · Neurology · 1988 · 208 citations