Pharmacodynamics of Growth Hormone Abuse Biomarkers and the Influence of Gender and Testosterone: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study in Young Recreational Athletes

Abstract

These markers of GH abuse are less responsive in women. The increases in collagen markers have a different time course to the IGF markers and extend the window of detection in both sexes. The response of PIIINP is increased by coadministration of T.