Observation of Focusing of Neutral Atoms by the Dipole Forces of Resonance-Radiation Pressure

Abstract

For sodium atoms in an atomic beam, we demonstrate focusing, defocusing, and steering caused by the transverse dipole forces exerted by the radial intensity gradient of a superimposed and co-propagating resonant cw light beam. Dipole radiation-pressure forces differ from the forces due to spontaneous emission and are needed to achieve optical traps for neutral atoms.