Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Properties of Diphenyl- and Dichlorobutyltin Functionalities Grafted to Insoluble Polystyrene Beads by a −(CH₂)<i>_n</i>− (<i>n</i> = 4, 6) Spacer

Abstract

Insoluble diorganotin functionalized polymers of the type ( P −H) 1 - t ( P −(CH 2 ) n SnBuX 2 ) t, with n = 4, 6, X = Ph, Cl, and t being the degree of functionalization, were synthesized from Amberlite XE-305, an insoluble polystyrene ( P −H) cross-linked with divinylbenzene. The synthesis conditions used gave rise to functionalization degrees varying from 25% to 30%. The tin-functionalized polystyrenes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, and Raman as well as solid-state 117 Sn and 13 C NMR spectroscopy. Methodological and chemical features related to the determination of the functionalization degree have been investigated in detail. The catalytic activity of the Amberlite-grafted tin functionalities in transesterification reactions was studied.