Beam emission spectroscopy as a comprehensive plasma diagnostic tool

Abstract

A beam of injected fast atomic hydrogen presents a superb probe for hot fusion plasmas. The neutral particles experience excitation and ionization by collisions with electrons and ions as they penetrate into a plasma. The emitted characteristic line radiation is Doppler shifted and the spectral lines are split due to motional Stark fields. Measurements of wavelength, intensity and polarization of the Balmer- alpha emission reveal information about the neutral beam, such as beam attenuation, beam-geometry, beam-divergence and species mix. Local pitch angles and toroidal fields can be derived from the simultaneous measurement of the polarization pattern and the wavelength separation of the Stark multiplet. The implementation and application of beam emission spectroscopy as a quantitative diagnostic tool on the Joint European Torus (JET) experiment is reviewed.