Studies on the Spectra of Cu I, Cu II, and Mn II by Means of a Vacuum Tungsten Furnace

Abstract

New design of a high temperature vacuum tungsten or molybdenum furnace. A high temperature vacuum tungsten furnace for the study of the spectra of elements having high boiling points is described.Absorption spectrum of Cu.---All previously observed absorption lines of Cu in the range of the quartz spectrograph were observed and in addition six new lines from the $3{d}^{9}4s$ levels as follows 2618.381, 2824.375, 2882.81, 2961.177, 3010.840, 3194.103. CuH bands were also observed in absorption.Excitation of Cu I spectrum by resonance absorption.---Light from the furnace walls excited Cu atoms to the $^{2}P$ state with the subsequent emission of 3247, 3274, 5106, 5700, 5782. With the walls somewhat cooler these lines were brought out when the vapor was exposed to intense radiation from the outside.Excitation of Cu II and Mn II spectra by collisions of second kind with rare gas ions.---A-Cu mixtures at 25 volts failed to develop the Cu II spectrum. From Ne-Cu mixtures at 25 volts the lines from the $3{d}^{9}5s$ state were much stronger than those from $3{d}^{9}4p$. Theory shows that in A-Mn, Ne-Mn, and He-Mn mixtures the spectrum of Mn II should be excited to the extent of 64800, 113400 and 138500 wavenumbers respectively. The strong $(3{d}^{5}4p)^{7}P\ensuremath{-}(3{d}^{5}4d)^{7}D$ multiplet should be excited in Ne-Mn mixtures but not in A-Mn. This was verified experimentally. An analysis, similar to that of Russell, of the Mn II spectrum is given.