Multiple Sclerosis Journal · 2000 · 28 citations · 18 references
Life SciencesGeneticsMolecular GeneticsImmunogeneticsMedical GeneticsNeuroimmunologyAutoimmune Disease Susceptibility GenesCytokine BiologyCytokine Gene PolymorphismDisease Susceptibility LociGenetic SusceptibilityMultiple SclerosisAllele FrequencyDisease Susceptibility AssociationMicrosatellite MarkersMicrosatellite VariationMultiple Sclerosis AssociationsProinflammatory Cytokine VariantsTumor Necrosis Factor Alpha VariantsTumor Necrosis Factor Gene Variants
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a proinflammatory cytokine, is believed to play an important role in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. The objective of this study was to determine whether sequence variation in the TNF-alpha gene is associated with MS. Bi-allelic polymorphisms in the TNF-alpha promoter region (TNF-alpha -238 and -308) and microsatellite TNF-alpha were previously reported. We investigated these polymorphisms in 74 French patients with MS, compared with 75 controls. No significant differences regarding the TNF-alpha -238 and -308 polymorphisms were observed between MS patients and controls. Allele frequency for the a11 allele is in very significant association (P<0.0001) with MS, due in part to the association of the a11 allele with the HLA-DRB1*15 allele in patients.
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New diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: Guidelines for research protocols
Charles M. Poser, Donald W. Paty, Labe C. Scheinberg et al. · Annals of Neurology · 1983 · 7.4K citations
Tumor necrosis factor identified in multiple sclerosis brain.
Florence M. Hofman, David R. Hinton, K. P. Johnson et al. · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · 1989 · 799 citations