Gas holdup in downflow bubble columns with gas entrainment by a liquid jet.

Abstract

Down flow bubble columns, in which the gas is dispersed at the top of the column in a liquid flowing cocurrently and thereby the bubbles are forced downward in a direction opposite to their buoyancy, have become of interest lately.2 ~6'12'13) This system has the advantage that the gas residence time can be considerably increased as compared with that in the