Social Behavior and Personality An International Journal · 2007 · 29 citations · 26 references
Math Self-conceptsSocial PsychologyEducational PsychologyEducationCultural FactorPsychometricsMental HealthSocial SciencesPsychologyDevelopmental PsychologyLower Self-conceptJapan And SwedenSelf-esteemSocial IdentityAdolescent PsychologyAdolescent DevelopmentSelf-description Questionnaire IiCultureAdolescent CognitionCross-cultural AssessmentSociologyCross-cultural PerspectiveSelf-assessmentCultural Psychology
The psychometric properties of the SDQII (Self-Description Questionnaire II; Marsh, 1992) were examined, and the extent to which Japanese and Swedish adolescents differ in their self-concepts and actual-ideal discrepancies was investigated. Further gender differences were explored. The SDQII and Actual-Ideal Questionnaires (designed for this study) were administered to 144 Japanese and 96 Swedish adolescents (range = 14 to 15 years). The main results show that the psychometric properties of the SDQII were satisfactory in both cultures, making these instruments useful in further investigations. Japanese adolescents generally reported a lower self-concept (with the exception of physical and math self-concepts) and higher self-discrepancies than did the Swedish adolescents. In addition, the gender differences were smaller compared to the influence of the cultural effect.
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William B. Gudykunst, Yuko Matsumoto, Stella Ting‐Toomey et al. · Human Communication Research · 1996 · 1.1K citations