Blood Pressure During Normal Daily Activities, Sleep, and Exercise

TLDR

The study monitored BP every 15 min over 24 h in 75 adults (normal, borderline, and essential hypertension) using an ambulatory recorder, analyzed readings for office, work, home, and sleep, and performed separate treadmill tests with the Bruce protocol. 24‑hour recordings showed work‑time BP highest and sleep‑time BP lowest in all groups; hypertensive subjects had higher office BP than home, whereas normals did not, and office BP predicted 24‑h averages in normals and established hypertensives but not in borderline cases, highlighting the value of 24‑h monitoring for the latter.

Abstract

Blood pressure (BP) readings were taken every 15 minutes using a noninvasive ambulatory BP recorder during 24 hours in 25 subjects with normal BP, 25 with borderline hypertension, and 25 with established essential hypertension. Readings were analyzed for four situations: (1) physician's office, (2) work, (3) at home, and (4) asleep. Treadmill exercise tests were also performed on a separate occasion with the Bruce protocol. The 24-hour recording in all three groups showed the highest BPs at work and the lowest during sleep. The situational BP changes were generally similar, but both hypertensive groups differed from normal subjects in that they showed consistently higher BPs in the physician's office than at home, whereas normal subjects showed a similar rise of systolic pressure to that of normal subjects. Pressures recorded in the physician's office gave good predictions of the average 24-hour pressure in normal and established hypertensive subjects, but not in the borderline group; in such patients, 24-hour monitoring may be of particular value in establishing the need for treatment.