7-Ketocholesterol–Induced Inflammation: Involvement of Multiple Kinase Signaling Pathways via NFκB but Independently of Reactive Oxygen Species Formation

Abstract

7KCh induces cytokines via three kinase signaling pathways, AKT-PKCζ-NFκB, p38 MAPK, and ERK. The MAPK/ERK pathways seem to preferentially enhance cytokine induction downstream from NFκB activation. The results of this study suggest that 7KCh activates these pathways through interactions in the plasma membrane, but the mechanism(s) remains unknown.