The enhancement of specific antibody production rate in glucose- and glutamine-controlled fed-batch culture

Evidence that glutamine, not sugar, is the major energy source for cultured HeLa cells.

Larry Reitzer, Burton M. Wice, David Kennell · Journal of Biological Chemistry · 1979 · 1.2K citations · Full text

Life Sciences, Biochemistry, Cell Biology +10

A kinetic analysis of hybridoma growth and metabolism in batch and continuous suspension culture: Effect of nutrient concentration, dilution rate, and pH

William M. Miller, Harvey W. Blanch, C. R. Wilke · Biotechnology and Bioengineering · 1988 · 474 citations

Life Sciences, Biochemistry, Cell Biology +16

High-Level Expression of a Recombinant Antibody from Myeloma Cells Using a Glutamine Synthetase Gene as an Amplifiable Selectable Marker

C. R. Bebbington, G. Renner, Scott Thomson et al. · Nature Biotechnology · 1992 · 465 citations

Pharmacy, Molecular Biology, Antibody Engineering +16

Reduction of waste product excretion via nutrient control: Possible strategies for maximizing product and cell yields on serum in cultures of mammalian cells

Michael W. Glacken, Robert J. Fleischaker, Anthony J. Sinskey · Biotechnology and Bioengineering · 1986 · 346 citations

Life Sciences, Biotechnology, Cell Biology +17

Growth of hybridoma cells in serum-free medium: ethanolamine is an essential component.

Hiroki Murakami, Hideo Masui, Gordon Sato et al. · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · 1982 · 336 citations · Full text

Life Sciences, Biochemistry, Cell Biology +14