Journal of Medicinal Food · 2006 · 44 citations · 26 references
AgingImmunologyImmune RegulationBiogerontologyInflammationDifferential EffectsLongevityAged SubjectsFacos GroupAllergyAutoimmune DiseaseSerum Cytokine LevelsChronic InflammationAutoimmunityImmune FunctionPharmacologyCytokineAnti-inflammatoryFacos IntakeFree Amine ChitooligosaccharidesMedicineAging ProcessGeriatric Endocrinology
Free amine chitooligosaccharides (FACOS, Kitto Life, Seoul, Republic of Korea) with an average molecular mass of 3.5 kDa were efficiently produced using an ultrafiltration membrane reactor system. To evaluate the effect of chitooligosaccharides on serum cytokine levels in elderly adults after oral intake, 5.1 g/day of FACOS was given to elderly (age range, 74-86 years; mean, 80 +/- 3 years) volunteers during an 8-week experimental period. Interleukin (IL)-12 and interferonã levels were significantly higher in the FACOS group than in the control group (P < .05). However, levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha decreased after FACOS intake during the experimental period. The results of this study suggest that the oral intake of chitooligosaccharides may have beneficial effects on specific cell-mediated immunity while also acting as an anti-inflammatory agent in aged subjects.
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Elevated Circulating Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor in Severe Chronic Heart Failure
Beth Levine, Jill Kalman, Lloyd Mayer et al. · New England Journal of Medicine · 1990 · 2.6K citations · Full text