From quality to innovation: Evidence from two French Employer Surveys

The central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects

Paul R. Rosenbaum, Donald B. Rubin · Biometrika · 1983 · 31K citations · Full text

Public Health, Biostatistics, Causal Inference +16

Estimating causal effects of treatments in randomized and nonrandomized studies.

Donald B. Rubin · Journal of Educational Psychology · 1974 · 9.5K citations · Full text

Public Health, Behavioral Sciences, Psychology +13

Matching As An Econometric Evaluation Estimator: Evidence from Evaluating a Job Training Programme

James J. Heckman, Hidehiko Ichimura, Petra Todd · The Review of Economic Studies · 1997 · 5.5K citations

Social Sciences, Economics, Econometrics +15

Matching As An Econometric Evaluation Estimator

James J. Heckman, Hidehiko Ichimura, Petra Todd · The Review of Economic Studies · 1998 · 3.8K citations

Social Sciences, Economics, Econometrics +14

The Economics of Modern Manufacturing: Technology, Strategy, and Organization

Paul Milgrom, John Roberts · American Economic Review · 1990 · 2.7K citations

Engineering, Business Economics, Strategy +13