Marquardt’s Phi Mask: Pitfalls of Relying on Fashion Models and the Golden Ratio to Describe a Beautiful Face

Statistical shape analysis: clustering, learning, and testing

Anuj Srivastava, S. K. Joshi, Washington Mio et al. · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · 2005 · 2.8K citations

Computing, Computer Science, Computational Geometry +14

Landmark methods for forms without landmarks: morphometrics of group differences in outline shape

Fred L. Bookstein · Medical Image Analysis · 1997 · 1.6K citations

Dentistry, Anatomy, Comparative Anatomy +7

Dental esthetics and the golden proportion

Edwin I. Levin · Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry · 1978 · 485 citations

Dentistry, Esthetic Dentistry, Prosthodontics +14

Biometrics, biomathematics and the morphometric synthesis

Fred L. Bookstein · Bulletin of Mathematical Biology · 1996 · 439 citations

Architecture, Biostatistics, Mathematics +8

Thin‐plate spline analysis of allometry and sexual dimorphism in the human craniofacial complex

Antonio Rosas, Markus Bastir · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · 2002 · 347 citations

Dentistry, Anatomy, Craniofacial Biology +14