The study of X-ray <i>M</i>-shell spectra of W ions from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Electron Beam Ion Trap

Abstract

M-shell spectra of W ions have been produced at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory EBIT-II electron beam ion trap-II at different energies of the electron beam. A survey has been performed at 2.4, 2.8, and 3.6 keV, and for steps in energy of 100 eV over the 3.9–4.6 keV energy range. The analysis of 11 W spectra has shown the presence of a wide variety of ionization stages from Se-like to Cr-like W; the appearances of these ionization stages correlate well with the energy of their production. The present paper focuses on the identification of 63 experimental features of W ions in a spectral region from 5 to 6 Å (1 Å = 10 –10 m) using calculations with inclusion of all ionization stages matching this spectral region. The majority of lines in all spectra have been identified and assigned to the 4f → 3d and 4d → 3p transitions. This is the first work that lists a comprehensive identification of so many resolved spectral features of X-ray M-shell transitions in W ions recorded in such detail in the laboratory. PACS Nos.: 52.58.Lq,32.30.Rj,52.70.La