Applied Physics Letters · 2012 · 33 citations · 14 references
Materials ScienceEngineeringBulk HeterojunctionPhotochemistryOrganic ElectronicsEnergy ConversionOrganic Solar CellProcessing AdditivesOrganic SemiconductorSpin Casting ProcessesFullereneConjugated PolymerChemistryPhase SeparationMolecular EngineeringSolar CellsPhotovoltaics
Bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells, fabricated by spin casting processes, with phase-separated small molecules including a phthalocyanine derivative, 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octahexylphthalocyanine (C6PcH2), and a fullerene derivative, 1-(3-methoxy-carbonyl)-propyl-1-1-phenyl-(6,6)C61 (PCBM), have been demonstrated to have a power conversion efficiency exceeding 4.1%. The C6PcH2:PCBM BHJ surface morphology and the phase separation have been controlled by utilizing processing additives in various solvents. The effects of the processing additives on the crystallization of the discotic C6PcH2 columns in hexagonal structures have been discussed.
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Gang Yu, Jun Gao, Jan C. Hummelen et al. · Science · 1995 · 10.2K citations · Full text
Engineering, Organic Solar Cell, η C +22
Two-layer organic photovoltaic cell
C. W. Tang · Applied Physics Letters · 1986 · 4.9K citations
Simulated Am2 Illumination, Electrical Engineering, Engineering +13