Worse Clinical Outcomes in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Relevance to Impaired Endothelial Progenitor Cells Mobilization

Abstract

Bone marrow EPCs mobilization is delayed and reduced in diabetes, with impaired HIF/p-Akt/p-eNOS/MMP-9 signaling. This is likely to contribute to the deterioration in cardiac function and worsened clinical outcome seen in patients with T2DM.