Journal of Hydraulic Engineering · 2006 · 24 citations · 15 references
EngineeringCivil EngineeringEnvironmental EngineeringDrainage EngineeringFluid DynamicsHydraulicsDrainage Network HydraulicsOpen-channel FlowPipe FlowRiver HydraulicsSewerage EngineeringUrban Drainage HydraulicsEnergy Loss AnalysisEnergy Loss ProcessesExperimental Pipe FlowJunction HydraulicsSewer HydraulicsSewer Network HydrodynamicsSurcharged Sewer FlowTransitional Flow Regimes
The results of a laboratory investigation on surcharged flow in combining sewer junctions are presented in this paper. Experiments were conducted in a 90° model junction and the 25.8° Edworthy model junction. The study confirmed the existence of three flow regimes in sewer junctions with a steep outgoing pipe: Regime I denotes the open-channel flow through the junction chamber; Regime II flow is partially surcharged flow featured by orifice flow into the outlet pipe; and Regime III flow is fully surcharged flow with all connecting pipes running full. The transition flow from Regimes II to III was investigated, and it may be related to the inlet waves at the entrance of the outlet pipe. Criteria for the transition were provided. Theoretical analyses were conducted based on one-dimensional momentum equation. The derived equations are able to estimate the water depth in the junction chamber. Energy loss in Regime III flow was studied and predictions based on the momentum equation were evaluated.
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Handbook of hydraulic resistance
Gershon Kulin · International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow · 1987 · 805 citations