Sensors and Sensor Systems for Psychophysiological Monitoring

TLDR

Psychophysiology employs a diverse array of noninvasive sensors, from long‑established to recent low‑cost, portable designs, yet prior reviews have largely focused on what is measured rather than how it is measured. The review aims to illuminate the technology of sensors used in psychophysiology, guiding users in selecting appropriate devices and fostering innovation. The review categorises sensors into electric, magnetic, electrochemical, mechanical, thermal, and optical types. Abstract.

Abstract

Abstract. There are a wide range of sensors for acquiring signals from the human body in noninvasive ways. Some of those in use date back a few decades, and many new technologies have enabled different sensors designs in recent years. This review covers the following classes of sensors: electric, magnetic, electrochemical, mechanical, thermal, and optical. Sensor systems that are portable, safe, and low-cost are now becoming possible. This review provides an overview focussing on the technology behind sensors currently used by psychophysiologists with the objective of illuminating the choices available for acquiring signals that inform us about cognitive processes, emotional states, and behavioural patterns. In previously published encyclopaedic-type reviews of psychophysiology, the focus has been on what is measured, not how it is measured. By focussing on how the sensors and sensor systems work, this review aims to provide users of these technologies with information that will help them decide on the appropriate sensor to use, as well as to facilitate innovation and development of new sensors.