Rock Against Gender Roles: Performing Femininities and Doing Feminism Among Women Punk Performers in the Netherlands, 1976-1982

Abstract

Intro 
\nOn November 8, 1980, a collective of women—inspired by the Rock Against
\nSexism movement in the United Kingdom—organized the Rock tegen de
\nRollen festival (“Rock Against Gender Roles”) The Netherlands city of
\nUtrecht. The lineup consisted of six all-women punk and new wave bands
\n(The Nixe, The Pin-offs, Pink Plastic & Panties,1The Removers, The Softies,
\nand The Broads) playing for a mixed-gender audience. Similar to The
\nLadyfests two decades later, the main goal was to counteract the gender
\ndisparity of musical pro