Elevation of circulating HLA DR⁺CD8⁺T-cells and correlation with chromium and cobalt concentrations 6 years after metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty

Abstract

We conclude that immunological alterations appear to be associated with increased cobalt and chromium concentrations. It is tempting to speculate that HLA DR(+) CD8(+) T-cells are involved in the pathogenesis of allergic reactions, implant loosening, and lymphocytic pseudotumors.