EngineeringElectrical EngineeringInstrumentationMetrologySensorsCalibrationCurrent Measurement InstrumentsElectrical MeasurementTemperature MeasurementTemperature MetrologyTemperature SensorsAccuracyCurrent MeasurementCurrent Measurement AccuracyCurrent Meter MeasurementsCurrent MetersCurrent Sensor CalibrationPrecision MeasurementTemperature Sensor Sensitivity
We have developed a sensitive picoampere meter for accurate room temperature measurement of currents below 10 pA. The main characteristics of the instrument are an extremely low input current, far below 1 fA, and fully automated operation. Preliminary calibration of the instrument with a separately developed facility has been done at the accuracy level of a few parts in 10/sup 4/.
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Frequency-locked turnstile device for single electrons
L.J. Geerligs, V.F. Anderegg, P. A. M. Holweg et al. · Physical Review Letters · 1990 · 598 citations