Correlation and path coefficient analysis of grain yield and yield contributing traits in single cross hybrids of maize (Zea mays L.).

Abstract

The yield is a complex trait, which is highly influenced by the environment and hence indirect selection through component traits would be an advisable strategy to increase the efficiency of selection. Eighty seven single cross hybrids of maize were developed by crossing twenty nine newly developed inbred lines from the National Yellow Pool with three testers in a line x tester mating design and were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with two replications to assess the direct and indirect effects of grain yield among twelve quantitative traits. Plant height, ear length, ear circumference, number of kernel rows/ear, number of kernels/row, 100-grain weight, shelling per cent, grain yield per plant and fodder yield per ha recorded significantly positive genetic correlation with grain yield. However, path coefficient analysis revealed that days to 50 per cent silking, plant height, number of kernels rows/ear, number of kernels/row, 100-grain weight, shelling per cent, grain yield per plant and fodder yield have highest direct effect on grain yield.