Localized Necrosis of Scalp in Neonates Due to Calcium Gluconate Infusions: A Cautionary Note

Abstract

Four cases of localized skin necrosis of the scalp in premature neonates are reported. Attention is drawn to this complication since its occurence is not emphasized sufficiently in literature. A three-fold pathogenetical mechanism is assumed to operate, namely, duration, slow leakage, and subsequent sudden extravasation. Suggested prophylactic measures are frequent changes of infusion sites and prevention of extravasation after needle removal.