The Denver II: A Major Revision and Restandardization of the Denver Developmental Screening Test

TLDR

The Denver Developmental Screening Test has been used worldwide for 23 years and restandardized in over a dozen countries. The study aimed to revise and restandardize the test to address user concerns and update norms. The revision involved administering 336 candidate items to over 2,000 children, using regression analysis to develop composite and subgroup norms, and selecting 125 items based on reliability, ease of use, and developmental progression. The revised Denver II includes 86 % more language items, two articulation items, a new age scale, a milder‑delay interpretation category, a behavior rating scale, and updated training materials.

Abstract

Since the Denver Developmental Screening Test was first published 23 years ago, it has been utilized worldwide and restandardized in more than a dozen countries. Concerns raised through the years by test users about specific items and features of the Denver Developmental Screening Test, coupled with a need for more current norms, have prompted a major revision and restandardization of the test. For the revision, 336 potential items were administered to more than 2000 children. The average number of times each item was administered was 540. Using regression analysis, composite norms for the total sample and norms for subgroups (based on gender, ethnicity, maternal education, and place of residence), were used to determine new age norms. The final selection of the 125 Denver II items was based on the following criteria: ease of administration and scoring, item appeal to child and examiner, item test-retest and inter-rater reliability, minimal "refusal" scores, minimal "no opportunity" scores, minimal subgroup differences, and a smooth step-like progression of ages at which 90% of children could perform the tasks. The major differences between the Denver II and the Denver Developmental Screening Test are: 1) an 86% increase in language items; 2) two articulation items; 3) a new age scale; 4) a new category of item interpretation to identify milder delays; 6) a behavior rating scale; and 7) new training materials.