1999 · 29 citations · 0 references
EngineeringElectrical EngineeringMaterials ScienceOpticsPhotonicsSemiconductor MaterialsOptical ResonatorsPhotonic CrystalsPhotonic MaterialsSemiconductor Crystal GrowthSemiconductor DefectsSemiconductor LasersMicrocavity LasersPhotonic Crystal CavitiesPhotonic Crystal DevicesPhotonic Crystal LasersSpontaneous EmissionSpontaneous Emission ControlTwo-dimensional Photonic CrystalsVertical-cavity Surface-emitting Lasers
With the maturation of crystal growth along with the nanofabrication of semiconductors there has been strong interest in creating optical microcavities for spontaneous emission control. The Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) was the first device to shrink the optical mode to sizes on the order of the wavelength of light[l].