Comparison theorems for second-order nonlinear differential equations

Stanley B. Eliason

Quarterly of Applied Mathematics · 1971 · 13 citations · 14 references

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Abstract

Comparison theorems for a nonlinear eigenvalue problem as well as a Lyapunov type of inequality are derived. They are used to establish upper and lower bounds for various integral functionals associated with real solutions of the nonlinear boundary value problem <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="y plus p left-parenthesis x right-parenthesis y Superscript 2 n plus 1 Baseline equals 0 comma y left-parenthesis a right-parenthesis equals y prime left-parenthesis b right-parenthesis equals 0"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>a</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>y</mml:mi> <mml:mo>′</mml:mo> </mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> <mml:mo>)</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">y + p\left ( x \right ){y^{2n + 1}} = 0, y\left ( a \right ) = y’\left ( b \right ) = 0</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> , where <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="a greater-than b"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>a</mml:mi> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">a &gt; b</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> are real, <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="n"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">n</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is a positive integer and <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="p"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>p</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">p</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is positive and continuous on <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="left-bracket a comma b right-bracket"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>[</mml:mo> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>a</mml:mi> <mml:mo>,</mml:mo> <mml:mi>b</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>]</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\left [ {a,b} \right ]</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> . Some of the results are analogues of a distance between zeros problem for the linear case of <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="n equals 0"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>n</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">n = 0</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> .

References

14