Flow and wakes in large wind farms in complex terrain and offshore

Abstract

Power losses due to wind turbine wakes are of the order of 10 and 20% of total power output in large wind farms. The focus 
\nof this research carried out within the EC funded UPWIND project is wind speed and turbulence modelling for large wind 
\nfarms/wind turbines in complex terrain and offshore in order to optimise wind farm layouts to reduce wake losses and loads.