In vitro micropropagation of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) through direct somatic embryogenesis and callus culture.

Abstract

Efficient and simple protocol for plant regeneration through direct embryogenesis and callus induction is devised here. MS basal medium supplemented with B5 vitamins, 0.8% agar, 30 g/L sucrose, 2, 4-D and picloram were used individually for direct embryogenesis. Picloram showed best results at the concentration of 19 mg/L. Callus induction was achieved by the induction of embryogenic callus from the cotyledonary explants. MS basal medium supplemented with B5 vitamins, 0.7% agar, 30 g/L sucrose and auxins (2, 4-D, NAA) were tested individually for the callus induction. Highest frequency of 87% was observed for embryogenic callus induction at the concentration of 3 mg/L 2, 4-D and in this concentration highly desirable creamy white friable callus formation was observed. MS media supplemented with B5 vitamins, BAP (0.15 mg/L) and IAA (0.20 mg/L) showed best response for regeneration. Total of 81% of plant regeneration was observed from the somatic embryos and 78% from callus. Regenerated plants showed 100% survival and fruit set in green house. © 2011 Friends Science Publishers