Unstructured data is a category of information that does not conform to a predefined data model or schema, lacking the organizational structure typically found in relational databases. As a research concept, it investigates methods for the acquisition, processing, analysis, and interpretation of such diverse and heterogeneous information, which is characterized by varying formats (e.g., text, images, audio) and the absence of standardized fields or relationships. The significance of studying unstructured data lies in its overwhelming prevalence in digital environments and the potential for extracting valuable knowledge that is inaccessible through conventional structured data analysis techniques, posing unique challenges and opportunities for data science and artificial intelligence research.