Torah studies is the academic and scholarly investigation of the Torah (the Five Books of Moses) and the extensive corpus of classical Jewish religious literature that interprets or is derived from it, such as the Talmud, Midrash, and medieval commentaries. This research field employs diverse methodologies, including philological, historical, literary, and theological analysis, to critically examine the texts' origins, development, linguistic features, legal and ethical content, theological concepts, and transmission, seeking to understand their meaning, historical context, and enduring significance within Jewish tradition and broader religious and intellectual history.