Sustainable fisheries is an interdisciplinary academic concept and research field focused on the management of fish populations and aquatic ecosystems to ensure their long-term ecological health and continued productivity for human use. This field investigates the complex interactions between fishing activities, marine and freshwater ecosystems, socio-economic factors, and governance structures, aiming to develop approaches that maintain fish stocks above levels capable of producing maximum sustainable yield while minimizing ecosystem impacts. Key characteristics include the integration of ecological, economic, and social considerations, often employing quantitative modeling, stock assessment, ecosystem-based management, and policy analysis. Its significance lies in providing the theoretical frameworks and practical methodologies essential for preventing overfishing, conserving biodiversity, maintaining ecosystem services, and supporting the sustainable livelihoods of fishing communities worldwide.