Small modular reactors is a research concept centered on the design, development, and evaluation of nuclear fission reactors distinguished by their relatively low electrical power output (typically <300 MWe) and the application of modular construction methods, often in factory settings. This field investigates their potential advantages in terms of safety, economic competitiveness, scalability, and suitability for diverse deployment scenarios compared to conventional large-scale nuclear power plants, thereby contributing to advancements in nuclear energy technology and sustainable energy systems.