Security management is a systematic process for identifying, assessing, controlling, and mitigating risks to assets within a defined scope, encompassing the development and implementation of strategies, policies, and procedures to protect against threats and vulnerabilities. As an academic concept and research field, it investigates the theoretical underpinnings, methodologies, technological applications, human elements, and organizational structures required for establishing and maintaining effective security postures across various domains (e.g., information, physical, personnel, cyber). Its key characteristics include a holistic, risk-informed approach balancing protection with operational requirements, and its significance lies in enabling resilience, ensuring continuity, safeguarding critical resources, and supporting strategic objectives against evolving threat landscapes.