Concepedia

Refinement Restraints

Refinement Restraints is a computational methodology in structural biology that imposes spatial or geometric constraints during the iterative optimization of macromolecular models to ensure conformational accuracy and prevent overfitting to experimental data.

154

Publications

46.5K

Citations

482

Authors

192

Institutions

Publications per year

2017–2026

24

Parents

Publications

154

Refinement of Macromolecular Structures by the Maximum-Likelihood Method

Garib N. Murshudov, A. A. Vagin, E. J. Dodson · Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography · 1997 · 14.9K citations

, , +13

<i>REFMAC</i>5 for the refinement of macromolecular crystal structures

Garib N. Murshudov, Pavol Skubák, Andrey A. Lebedev et al. · Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography · 2011 · 8.7K citations · Full text

, , +17

Structure validation by Cα geometry: ϕ,ψ and Cβ deviation

Simon C. Lovell, Ian Davis, W.B. Arendall et al. · Proteins Structure Function and Bioinformatics · 2003 · 4.6K citations

, , +17

Rietveld refinement guidelines

Lynne B. McCusker, R. B. Von Dreele, D. E. Cox et al. · Journal of Applied Crystallography · 1999 · 2.3K citations · Full text

, , +17

Crystallographic <i>R</i> Factor Refinement by Molecular Dynamics

Axel T. Brünger, John Kuriyan, Martin Karplus · Science · 1987 · 2K citations

, , +17

1–5 of 154

Authors

482

  1. PD
    Paul D. Adams

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, United States

    12 publications · 792 citations

    12

    h-index

  2. GN
    Garib N. Murshudov

    University of York, United Kingdom

    11 publications · 27.8K citations

    11

    h-index

  3. NW
    Nigel W. Moriarty

    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, United States

    10 publications · 728 citations

    10

    h-index

  4. JS
    Jeffrey Skolnick

    Georgia Institute of Technology, United States

    6 publications · 358 citations

    6

    h-index

  5. RA
    Robert A. Nicholls

    MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, United Kingdom

    5 publications · 9.3K citations

    5

    h-index

1–5 of 482

Institutions

192

  1. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

    Berkeley, United States

    13 h-index

    35 publications

    2.5K citations

  2. University of California, Berkeley

    Berkeley, United States

    10 h-index

    11 publications

    598 citations

  3. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

    Paris, France

    8 h-index

    16 publications

    2.8K citations

  4. University of York

    York, United Kingdom

    7 h-index

    22 publications

    73.3K citations

  5. University of Cambridge

    Cambridge, United Kingdom

    7 h-index

    18 publications

    10K citations

  6. Scripps Research Institute

    San Diego, United States

    6 h-index

    20 publications

    1.8K citations

  7. Howard Hughes Medical Institute

    Chevy Chase, United States

    5 h-index

    7 publications

    219 citations

  8. ETH Zurich

    Zurich, Switzerland

    5 h-index

    11 publications

    2.9K citations

1–8 of 192

Venues

  1. 21

    h-index

  2. Proteins Structure Function and Bioinformatics

    15 publications · 5.9K citations

    13

    h-index

  3. 12

    h-index

  4. Biochemistry

    12 publications · 658 citations

    11

    h-index

  5. Journal of Applied Crystallography

    10 publications · 2.8K citations

    10

    h-index

1–5