Physical Watermarks

Physical Watermarks is a scholarly construct in watermark design that refers to tangible, inherent modifications embedded within physical substrates—such as paper, textiles, or materials—distinguished from digital or software-based watermarks by their reliance on physical properties and perceptible or machine-detectable structural variations for authentication, identification, or security.

9

Publications

158

Citations

32

Authors

16

Institutions

Publications per year

2017–2026

7

Authors

32

  1. SB
    Swarup Bhunia

    Case Western Reserve University, United States

    2 publications · 25 citations

    2

    h-index

  2. WW
    Wei Wang

    University at Buffalo, State University of New York, United States

    1 publications · 21 citations

    1

    h-index

  3. SD
    Shubhra Deb Paul

    University of Florida, United States

    1 publications · 11 citations

    1

    h-index

  4. PS
    Patanjali SLPSK

    University of Florida, United States

    1 publications · 11 citations

    1

    h-index

  5. MT
    Mark Tehranipoor

    University of Florida, United States

    1 publications · 12 citations

    1

    h-index

1–5 of 32

Venues

  1. Journal of Process Control

    1 publications · 35 citations

    1

    h-index

  2. 1

    h-index

  3. 1

    h-index

  4. Optics Express

    1 publications · 13 citations

    1

    h-index

  5. 1

    h-index

1–5