Modernism is a complex, interdisciplinary concept and period primarily associated with late 19th and early 20th-century cultural movements across various fields like art, literature, architecture, music, and philosophy. As an academic concept, it investigates the radical transformations of modernity, characterized by a conscious break from traditional forms and conventions, a focus on experimentation, subjective experience, and a critical engagement with industrialization, urbanization, and technological change, signifying a pivotal shift in aesthetic, philosophical, and social thought.