Inflammatory signalling is the intricate system of molecular pathways and cellular communication mechanisms that govern the initiation, amplification, and resolution of inflammatory responses within biological systems. As a core concept in immunology and pathology research, it investigates the specific receptors, intracellular cascades, and transcriptional programs that transduce signals critical for immune cell activation, mediator production, and subsequent tissue changes, providing fundamental insights into host defence, disease pathogenesis, and therapeutic target identification.