Hydroponics is a method of cultivating plants using mineral nutrient solutions in water, without soil. As an academic concept and methodological approach, it investigates plant growth, nutrient dynamics, and root system development under precisely controlled, soilless conditions. Key characteristics include the formulation and management of aqueous nutrient solutions, often within recirculating or non-recirculating systems, enabling optimized resource use and environmental control. Its significance lies in providing a platform for fundamental research on plant physiology and nutrition, facilitating resource-efficient and high-yield crop production, and enabling cultivation in challenging or non-arable environments.