Table of Contents
Overview
Definition and Scope
Geomechanics is defined as the study of how subsurface rocks deform or fail in response to variations in stress, pressure, and temperature. This discipline is crucial in oil and gas exploration, where understanding the geomechanical behavior of rocks is essential for operational aspects such as borehole stability and hydraulic fracturing.[2.1] The scope of geomechanics includes analyzing stresses, strength, and pressure profiles of geological formations, which is vital for reliable geomechanical characterization.[2.1] Incorporating geomechanics principles into the petroleum industry significantly impacts drilling operations by reducing costs and operational risks, aiding in the selection of appropriate drill bits, and ensuring the stability of wellbores to prevent collapse hazards.[16.1][16.1] A thorough geomechanical assessment begins with analyzing the stresses, strength, and pressure profiles of the rocks, necessitating a solid understanding of the geological history of the formation for reliable characterization.[2.1][2.1] The relevance of geomechanics is particularly pronounced during well-planning in challenging, depleted terrains, where advanced techniques such as 4D geomechanical modeling can be integrated into strategic planning.[17.1] This comprehensive approach aids in modeling in situ stresses and profiling rock properties during the pre-drill exploration stage, ensuring safe operating pressure and temperature envelopes for improved oil recovery (IOR) and enhanced oil recovery (EOR) developments.[2.1] Geomechanics is an integral branch of geological engineering and earth sciences that focuses on understanding and analyzing the mechanical behavior of earth materials. This discipline plays a crucial role in various applications, ranging from oil and gas extraction to civil engineering projects such as tunneling and landslide analysis.[5.1] According to an Oilfield Review Defining Series article, geomechanics is essential in nearly all aspects of petroleum extraction, encompassing processes from exploration to abandonment and applicable across all scales.[4.1]Importance in Various Industries
Geomechanics is increasingly recognized for its vital role in various industries, particularly in resource exploration and environmental governance, as the demand for sustainable energy and environmental protection intensifies.[7.1] The integration of geomechanics into environmental impact assessments (EIA) is essential, as it can significantly improve the accuracy of these assessments.[6.1] This enhancement not only aids in addressing complex challenges related to environmental sustainability but also has implications for policy-making and regulatory frameworks within resource extraction industries.[7.1] Furthermore, the application of AI-enhanced intelligent mechanics in geotechnical engineering projects exemplifies the innovative approaches being developed to address these challenges.[6.1] As such, ongoing research in geomechanics is crucial for driving innovation and development in these critical areas.[7.1] In Western Australia, the formal integration of EIA and mine closure planning was established in 2011 through amendments to the Mining Act 1978, which mandated the submission of a mine closure plan alongside EIA documents. This procedural innovation emphasizes the importance of early consideration of mine closure, aligning with international best practices and enhancing the overall effectiveness of environmental governance.[8.1] Moreover, geomechanics is essential in the context of hydrogen extraction processes, where understanding the behavior of subsurface formations is crucial for optimizing extraction techniques. Research in this area focuses on modeling and rock testing to investigate how rock properties influence hydrogen extraction efficiency and safety.[9.1] In construction and civil engineering, stress analysis is a critical process that ensures the safety and reliability of various infrastructures, including buildings, bridges, and dams. This analysis is essential for evaluating how these structures can withstand different loads, such as weight, wind, and seismic activity.[11.1] By assessing the distribution of internal stresses within a structure due to applied loads, engineers can identify potential failure points, which is crucial for optimizing designs.[13.1] Furthermore, effective stress analysis contributes significantly to the lifespan and performance of structures, leading to improved design outcomes and increased confidence in their ability to withstand stress.[15.1] Thus, the application of stress analysis is vital in the design and construction phases, ensuring that engineering components can perform safely under expected conditions.[10.1] Advancements in geomechanical modeling and simulation are increasingly important for effective risk assessment and management strategies, particularly in environmentally sensitive areas. The development of fast proxy models, such as the U-Net model, significantly reduces the computational cost of well placement workflows by replacing traditional coupled physics simulations. This allows for the prediction of geomechanical risks associated with various well locations and injection strategies, thereby enhancing decision-making processes in resource management.[22.1] Furthermore, the rapid increase in the volume of Earth observation 'big data' and the advancements in deep learning as a data analysis tool have led to novel approaches in geological hazard analysis. These developments aim to mitigate the impacts of geological hazards, including landslides, earthquakes, and other significant events, by leveraging deep learning applications to analyze and summarize common paradigms in geological hazard scenarios.[24.1] As the demand for sustainable energy and environmental protection grows, the role of geomechanics in resource exploration and management will become increasingly vital.[23.1]In this section:
Environmental GovernanceSustainable EnergyEnvironmental ProtectionEnvironmental Impact AssessmentsEnvironmental Sustainability
History
Early Developments
Geomechanics, a discipline that merges mechanics and geology, has its roots in ancient practices, particularly in China, where it was first conceptualized. This field has significantly contributed to both theoretical frameworks and practical applications, addressing essential national needs throughout its development.[41.1] The history of geomechanics is relatively brief but marked by critical advancements in understanding the mechanical processes occurring within rock masses.[40.1] The study of geomechanics focuses on how subsurface rocks respond to variations in stress, pressure, and temperature, which is increasingly vital in the context of oil and gas exploration. Initial assessments in geomechanics involve analyzing the stresses, strength, and pressure profiles of geological formations, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of their geological history for accurate characterization.[42.1] This foundational knowledge is crucial not only for modeling in situ stresses and profiling rock properties during the pre-drill exploration phase but also for ensuring borehole stability and predicting potential issues such as sand production.[42.1] As the discipline evolved, it became integral to various applications, including hydraulic fracturing and the management of safe operating conditions for enhanced oil recovery (IOR) and improved oil recovery (EOR) processes.[42.1] The integration of mathematical modeling into geomechanics has further advanced the field, allowing for more sophisticated simulations of mechanical processes within rock masses.[40.1]Key Milestones in Geomechanics
Geomechanics has evolved significantly since its inception, with key milestones marking its development. The principles of geomechanics can be traced back to the late 19th century, where foundational advancements were made that would influence the field for decades to come. Notably, the arrival of the Industrial Revolution necessitated a deeper understanding of soil behavior, which catalyzed the growth of geotechnical engineering.[43.1] Visionary engineers such as Karl von Terzaghi and Arthur Casagrande emerged during this period, conducting extensive studies that led to the development of methods for analyzing the strength and stability of structures. Terzaghi, in particular, is recognized as the father of modern soil mechanics for his revolutionary concept of effective stress.[44.1] The 20th century was marked by significant advancements in geomechanics, largely driven by the technological demands of World War II and the subsequent industrial boom. This era saw rapid growth in material science, leading to the development of synthetic polymers, semiconductors, and composite materials, which revolutionized various industries, including geotechnical construction.[57.1] Breakthroughs in material science have played a crucial role in advancing geotechnical practices, characterized by the introduction of innovative materials that exhibit enhanced durability, strength, and environmental sustainability.[58.1] Additionally, the field of geophysics experienced remarkable growth during this period, with advancements in science and technology facilitating the evolution of geophysical exploration techniques, including seismology and electromagnetics.[59.1] These developments have significantly contributed to the understanding of subsurface conditions, thereby enhancing the applications of geomechanics in addressing complex engineering challenges. The field of geomechanics has made significant strides in understanding the principles of stress and strain in geological formations. Stress is defined as the force exerted per unit area on a rock, and it can be categorized into four general types: uniform stress, which applies equally on all sides of a body of rock, and three non-uniform stresses—tension, compression, and shear.[67.1] All rocks in the Earth experience uniform stress at all times, while compressive stress typically occurs in regions where tectonic plates converge, resulting in rocks being squeezed. Conversely, extensive stress is observed in areas where tectonic plates diverge, leading to rocks being pulled apart.[69.1] The response of rocks to these stresses is manifested as strain, which is any change in volume or shape.[67.1] Understanding these principles is essential for geomechanics, as they inform how geological materials behave under various conditions, which is crucial for engineering applications in construction and civil engineering.[69.1]Recent Advancements
Innovative Research and Applications
Recent advancements in geomechanics have significantly impacted research and applications, particularly in sustainable infrastructure and energy solutions. The International Geomechanics Symposium (IGS) 2023, held in Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia, emphasized the role of geomechanics in efficient and sustainable energy supply, gathering over 300 experts to discuss these developments.[83.1] Understanding geomaterial behavior at both micro and macro scales is crucial, with innovative experimental methods and advanced numerical modeling addressing modern geotechnical and environmental challenges.[85.1] These advancements enhance our comprehension of multi-physical processes in engineering, especially in energy storage, production, and environmental protection, where material characterization is essential.[96.1] This understanding is vital for addressing subsurface material behavior complexities in various engineering applications.[95.1] In response to climate change, eco-geotechnics focuses on resilient engineering solutions to withstand environmental challenges. This includes developing an eco-unsaturated soil model that integrates ecological and geotechnical processes, enhancing the sustainability of geotechnical practices.[87.1][87.1] Geosynthetic engineering has progressed with advancements in manufacturing and applications, making geosynthetics crucial for construction. These materials improve performance and reduce maintenance costs in civil engineering projects.[88.1] In energy sectors, geomechanics is pivotal in hydrocarbon exploration, carbon capture and storage, and enhanced geothermal systems.[94.1] Energy geotechnology applies geotechnical principles to the exploration, extraction, storage, and utilization of energy resources, underscoring geomechanics' importance in transitioning to sustainable energy systems.[93.1]Challenges in Deep Unconventional Reservoirs
Developing software for geomechanics, particularly in the context of deep unconventional reservoirs, presents several significant challenges. One of the primary issues is the large uncertainty associated with geomechanical models, which can lead to ill-posed problems. These challenges necessitate the use of simpler models that are better suited for mining geomechanics, as they can more effectively address the complexities involved in these environments.[110.1] In response to these challenges, innovative software solutions are being developed. For instance, the GeoMFree 3D software package employs a local Radial Point Interpolation Method (RPIM)-based meshfree approach to analyze the deformations and failures of rock and soil masses. This package is currently undergoing intensive development to enhance its capabilities in geomechanical modeling.[111.1] Furthermore, advancements in machine learning are being integrated into geomechanical approaches to improve predictive analytics. For example, research has focused on using machine learning to predict casing collapse in oil and gas wells, which is critical for maintaining the integrity of operations in deep unconventional reservoirs. Additionally, predictive data analytics are being applied to model daily hydrocarbon production by integrating various data types, including petrophysical and geomechanical data, which can significantly enhance the understanding of reservoir behavior.[112.1] These advancements highlight the ongoing efforts to overcome the inherent challenges in geomechanics, particularly in the context of deep unconventional reservoirs, by leveraging simpler models and integrating advanced computational techniques.In this section:
Geomechanics In The Oil And Gas Industry
Applications in Drilling and Production
Geomechanics plays a critical role in various applications within drilling and production in the oil and gas industry. At the wellbore scale, it is essential for understanding how drill bits interact with rock, ensuring borehole stability, predicting the stability of perforation tunnels, and designing hydraulic fracturing stimulation programs. These applications are vital for optimizing drilling operations and enhancing overall production efficiency.[126.1] The integration of geomechanical data into drilling programs plays a crucial role in enhancing decision-making processes. Geomechanical rock strength data is essential for wellbore design and optimization during drilling, contributing to improved operational efficiency and reduced non-productive time.[135.1] In tectonically active regions, drilling presents unique challenges due to pore pressure and wellbore instability issues. An iterative geomechanics approach, when combined with drilling fluid optimization, has been shown to effectively address these challenges.[137.1] Furthermore, the integration of drilling data with geomechanical analysis has led to the development of effective well designs that not only minimize non-productive time but also enhance well productivity by ensuring appropriate wellbore diameters across reservoir zones.[138.1] Ultimately, the application of geomechanical modeling has proven critical in making informed decisions throughout the planning and drilling process, resulting in successful well completions with minimal wellbore stability problems.[140.1] Moreover, real-time estimation of geomechanical characteristics, such as shear wave velocity and other elastic properties, is increasingly being integrated into drilling operations through technologies like Logging While Drilling (LWD). This real-time data is crucial for enhancing wellbore stability, optimizing fracture propagation, and improving geosteering operations.[139.1] The coupling of drilling data with geomechanical analysis has proven to generate effective well designs that enhance drilling performance and reservoir management.[138.1] In hydraulic fracturing, a solid understanding of geomechanical factors is essential for the design and success of fracturing programs. Optimized hydraulic fracture designs require comprehensive knowledge of the interactions between rock properties and stress conditions, which can significantly affect fracture propagation and reservoir performance.[128.1] By analyzing stress fields and rock behavior, operators can improve fracture geometry control and increase production efficiency.[143.1]Impact on Reservoir Management
Geomechanics plays a critical role in reservoir management within the oil and gas industry, influencing various aspects from exploration to production and even field abandonment. The integration of geomechanical properties into reservoir modeling is essential for accurate performance forecasting and decision-making. For instance, a 3D geomechanical model can output mechanical stratigraphy and predict in situ stresses, which are crucial for hydraulic fracturing design and optimization.[134.1] This modeling process often incorporates well logs, seismic data, and core data to enhance the reliability of parameters used in development plans.[132.1] The influence of rock heterogeneity and far-field stress on hydraulic fracturing is significant, as variations in these factors can affect the success of stimulation programs.[129.1] High in-situ stresses and variability in pore pressure and rock properties can limit fracture initiation and complicate the identification of suitable intervals for fracturing.[131.1] Therefore, understanding the properties of rock and natural weak planes is vital for formulating effective production enhancement strategies, particularly in shale reservoirs.[130.1] Moreover, geomechanical assessments can lead to improved economic performance of oil and gas assets. These assessments begin at the exploration stage and continue to impact decisions throughout the appraisal and development phases.[148.1] For example, analyzing stress and rock properties around the wellbore can prevent collapse during drilling, thereby reducing risks and optimizing well placement.[149.1] Additionally, the application of geomechanics in hydraulic fracturing design can enhance production efficiency and improve fracture geometry control, further contributing to the economic viability of development strategies.[149.1] The integration of geomechanics into reservoir management is increasingly recognized for its critical role in enhancing the economic performance of oil and gas assets. The University of Alberta has been at the forefront of this development, creating experimental designs and numerical modeling tools that facilitate realistic assessments and forecasts of the geomechanical responses of reservoirs under various unconventional resource development strategies.[151.1] At the wellbore scale, geomechanics is essential for understanding the mechanics of drill bits, ensuring borehole stability, predicting the stability of perforation tunnels, and designing hydraulic fracturing stimulation programs.[150.1] Furthermore, at the reservoir scale, geomechanics aids in modeling fluid movement and predicting how fluid removal or injection affects permeability, fluid pressure, and in situ rock stresses, all of which can significantly influence reservoir performance.[150.1] The application of these geomechanical assessments not only addresses potential environmental impacts but also underscores the economic implications of these factors, ultimately leading to more viable development strategies.[151.1]In this section:
Geomechanical Modeling
Techniques and Methodologies
Geomechanical modeling employs a variety of techniques and methodologies to accurately assess subsurface behavior and optimize petroleum exploration and development. The initial phase of constructing a geomechanical model involves gathering comprehensive data, which includes well information such as tubing and casing specifications, as well as geological details like fault types and reservoir characteristics.[167.1] Following data collection, the model is built through data analysis to ascertain the state of stress, including vertical and principal horizontal stresses and pore pressure.[169.1] At the wellbore scale, geomechanics is crucial for understanding the mechanics of drill bit operation, borehole stability, and the design of hydraulic fracturing stimulation programs.[168.1] The integration of geomechanical modeling with reservoir simulation techniques has gained traction, particularly in modeling phenomena such as compaction, subsidence, and induced fracturing.[174.1] Recent advancements in technology have further enhanced these studies, allowing for the incorporation of machine learning techniques to improve breakout prediction and optimize oil and gas development.[171.1] The development of three-dimensional (3D) models through geostatistical simulation techniques is crucial for reservoir geomechanical analysis, as it integrates various data sources, including well logs, seismic data, and core data.[172.1] This integration allows for a comprehensive understanding of subsurface conditions, which is particularly relevant in the context of oil and gas applications. The modeling results indicate that the minimum and maximum horizontal stresses are 74-84 MPa and 95-106 MPa, respectively, providing valuable insights into the geomechanical behavior of reservoirs.[172.1] However, current simulation models often fail to account for the complex interactions among geomechanical behavior, formation fracturing, multiphase flow, and heat transfer in porous media, underscoring the necessity for further advancements in modular coupling methods to enhance predictive accuracy for reservoir behavior under varying operational conditions. Despite these advancements, traditional reservoir simulators often oversimplify mechanical rock responses, typically reducing them to a single uniaxial compressibility coefficient.[177.1] However, the increasing focus on unconventional resources has prompted efforts to integrate more sophisticated geomechanical modeling techniques to enhance predictive accuracy.[177.1] The combination of machine learning with geomechanical modeling has shown promise in capturing complex, non-linear relationships within data sets, thereby improving prediction accuracy and model reliability.[179.1]Data Acquisition and Analysis
The integration of field data into geomechanical models presents several challenges, primarily due to the scarcity of data and the lack of a verified geomechanical model for site characterization during the assessment phase. A comprehensive understanding of critical data related to current hydrocarbon fields, which are identified as potential CO2 storage sites, is essential for constructing mechanistic earth models (MEMs).[185.1] One significant challenge is the acquisition of elastic parameters, particularly shear wave velocity (Vs), which underscores the limitations of traditional methods such as logging while drilling (LWD). This gap between real-time data and geomechanical modeling necessitates innovative approaches that adapt machine learning (ML) models to the dynamic nature of drilling environments.[186.1] To address these challenges, an integrated approach is required that incorporates all available field data. This includes seismic velocities, petrophysical well logs, and geological and structural models, which are crucial for constructing three-dimensional representations of subsurface conditions.[187.1] The application of predictive data analytics has been demonstrated in case studies, such as those from the Marcellus Shale in North America, where various data types—including petrophysical, geomechanical, fiber-optic, completions, and surface data—are utilized to model daily hydrocarbon production effectively.[188.1]In this section:
Environmental Considerations
Predicting Environmental Impacts
Environmental geomechanics plays a crucial role in predicting environmental impacts associated with various geotechnical practices. This discipline focuses on understanding the mechanical behavior of geomaterials, such as soil and rock, under diverse environmental conditions, which is essential for assessing risks related to natural hazards and pollution.[210.1] The study of environmental geomechanics encompasses a wide range of issues, including surface subsidence due to groundwater withdrawal and the durability of geomaterials like natural stone and concrete.[209.1] One significant aspect of environmental geomechanics is the transport mechanisms of contaminants through geomaterials. The diffusion phenomenon, particularly in clay liners, is a dominant mechanism for contaminant transport, driven by concentration gradients.[215.1] Understanding these mechanisms is vital for evaluating pollution risks in various geological settings, as they influence the fate of pollutants and their availability to organisms.[216.1] Factors such as elevation, slope, land use, and proximity to water bodies are critical in constructing evaluation index systems for assessing geological hazard risks, as demonstrated in studies conducted in regions like Fujian Province.[213.1] Moreover, groundwater management is integral to maintaining the stability of geotechnical structures. Groundwater influences soil behavior and the stability of foundations, making its effective management essential for designing resilient infrastructures.[217.1] The relationship between groundwater withdrawal and land subsidence is particularly concerning, as it can lead to significant damage to both subsurface and surface structures.[221.1] The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) emphasizes the need for resilience in urban planning, highlighting the importance of integrating environmental geomechanics into strategies that address climate change and its impacts on infrastructure.[223.1]Future Directions
Emerging Technologies
Recent advancements in geomechanics have underscored the significance of understanding geomaterial behavior at both micro and macro scales. The integration of innovative experimental methods with advanced numerical modeling is essential for addressing the complex challenges posed by contemporary geotechnical and environmental demands.[251.1] The 16th International Conference of the International Association for Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics (IACMAG), held in Turin, Italy, showcased a wide array of topics in computational geomechanics, including laboratory and field testing, constitutive modeling, and risk analysis, among others.[252.1] The role of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) in computational geomechanics is evolving rapidly, offering new avenues for modeling and simulating complex geotechnical problems. Recent developments in ML and data-driven computing have opened up possibilities for enhanced modeling and forecasting in geomechanics.[255.1] AI has made significant strides in predicting the mechanical properties of geotechnical materials, such as soil and rock, through advanced algorithms like Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Support Vector Machines (SVM), which improve the accuracy and efficiency of predictions regarding material properties.[256.1] Furthermore, AI can synthesize diverse geotechnical experimental data to create unified models that simulate the behavior of various materials.[256.1] Despite the successes of AI and ML in geotechnical engineering, these technologies also face limitations that have been discussed in the literature.[257.1] Nonetheless, AI is transforming the field by providing innovative solutions for data analysis, design accuracy, and hazard prediction, thereby optimizing construction processes.[258.1] The integration of AI in geotechnical engineering is reshaping traditional methodologies, particularly in areas such as slope stability analysis, where AI enhances the precision of data interpretation related to topography and soil properties.[271.1] The application of AI methods in geotechnical research includes techniques such as Fuzzy Inference Systems (FIS), Genetic Algorithms (GA), and deep learning, which have been employed to predict various geotechnical phenomena.[272.1] As these technologies continue to evolve, they are expected to significantly influence future practices in geomechanics and infrastructure design, providing advanced tools for predictive modeling and real-time monitoring.[270.1]Interdisciplinary Approaches in Geomechanics
Interdisciplinary approaches in geomechanics are increasingly recognized as essential for advancing the field, particularly through the integration of machine learning (ML) techniques with traditional geomechanical modeling. Machine learning is an evolving field that encompasses a plethora of methods and their combinations, which can be classified into various categories, including supervised versus unsupervised learning, batch versus online learning, and instance-based versus model-based learning.[265.1] The application of ML in geomechanics is multifaceted and aligns well with the concept of Big Data, as it facilitates the analysis of increasingly large geo-datasets and supports computationally intensive simulations.[264.1] This integration is crucial for enhancing the accuracy of geomechanical models and understanding complex geomechanical behaviors. The future of geomechanics in the geothermal energy sector is increasingly dependent on advancements in integrated modeling frameworks. The Geothermal Institute utilizes such a framework to develop a digital conceptual model alongside the corresponding numerical reservoir model of a geothermal field. This Integrated Modelling Framework ensures consistency between the conceptual understanding of geothermal systems and their numerical representations, which is vital for effective management.[260.1] One significant environmental impact of geothermal energy extraction is land subsidence, which can occur due to excessive fluid removal from underground reservoirs, leading to the gradual sinking or sudden dropping of the Earth's surface.[278.1] Additionally, while geothermal energy can induce seismic activity, typically at low magnitudes, it is crucial to recognize that the injection and extraction of fluids in geothermal reservoirs can trigger such events.[279.1] However, recent research indicates that effective management of geothermal development could potentially reduce stress in geological formations and mitigate the risk of larger seismic events in the future.[261.1] Therefore, the application of advanced geomechanical modeling techniques is essential for optimizing geothermal energy extraction while addressing its environmental challenges. The exploration of geothermal brine fluids for mineral extraction presents a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional mining practices, contributing to Europe's energy security and sustainability.[276.1] The increasing global demand for lithium, which is essential for energy storage systems and the transition to renewable energy, underscores the need for sustainable extraction methods from innovative sources such as geothermal brines, salt lakes, and recycled batteries.[277.1] The future application of geomechanics in geothermal energy has the potential to unlock significant resource opportunities, particularly as technological advancements and a focus on sustainable energy sources continue to evolve.[259.1] By employing advanced numerical modeling techniques and machine learning, geomechanics can play a vital role in optimizing well performance and addressing the challenges associated with energy extraction while ensuring environmental preservation.[259.1]In this section:
Field TestingConstitutive ModelingArtificial IntelligenceGeotechnical ProblemsMechanical Properties
References
[2] An Introduction to Geomechanics - GeoExpro — Geomechanics is the study of how subsurface rocks deform or fail in response to changes of stress, pressure and temperature and it is becoming increasingly important in oil and gas exploration. Any formation or reservoir geomechanical assessment therefore starts with analyzing the stresses, strength and pressure profiles of the rocks, so an understanding of the geological history of the formation of interest is crucial for its reliable geomechanical characterization. In the pre-drill exploration stage, it is used to model in situ stresses and profile the rock properties, but it is equally important for ensuring borehole stability, predicting sand production, estimating and monitoring the effects of hydraulic fracturing and ensuring safe operating pressure and temperature envelopes for IOR and EOR developments.
[4] Defining Geomechanics - SLB — An Oilfield Review Defining Series article "Geomechanics" provides an overview of how this science plays an important part in nearly all aspects of petroleum extraction—from exploration to abandonment—and across all scales. The Defining Series provides E&P professionals with concise, authoritative, up-to-date summaries of a wide range
[5] Geomechanics | Fundamentals, Applications & Analysis — Geomechanics, an integral branch of geological engineering and earth sciences, focuses on understanding and analyzing the mechanical behavior of earth materials. This discipline plays a crucial role in various applications ranging from oil and gas extraction to civil engineering projects like tunneling and landslide analysis.
[6] State-of-the-art review on the use of AI-enhanced computational ... — This guidance aims to contribute to the seamless integration and application of AI-enhanced intelligent mechanics in actual geotechnical engineering projects. ... Applications of these methods in geomechanics include foundation settlement prediction and slope instability risk ... It can improve the accuracy of environmental impact assessments
[7] Review of Cross-Field Application of Geomechanics — As the need for sustainable energy and environmental protection grows, geomechanics will play a more significant role in resource exploration and environmental governance. Further research is necessary to drive innovation and development in these areas. In summary, geomechanics is at the forefront of solving complex challenges.
[8] Does the integration of enviromental impact assessment and mine closure ... — Abstract: Environmental impact assessment (EIA) and mine closure planning became formally integrated in Western Australia in 2011 when amendments to the Mining Act 1978 resulted in the requirement of a mine closure plan (MCP) to be submitted by proponents along with their EIA documents. This procedural innovation aimed to force early consideration of mine closure in line with international
[9] The Role of Geomechanics on Hydrogen Extraction - OnePetro — The role of geomechanics in hydrogen extraction processes is crucial for understanding the behavior of subsurface formations and optimizing extraction techniques. This paper focuses on the modeling and rock testing aspects of geomechanics to investigate the influence of rock properties on hydrogen extraction efficiency and safety. The objective of this study is to explore the role of
[10] Stress Testing in Construction: Methods, Tools, and Applications — Explore the essential methods, tools, and applications of stress testing in construction to ensure structural integrity and safety.
[11] Strain Analysis in Structures - discoverengineering.org — Applications Construction and Civil Engineering Strain analysis is vital in the design and construction of buildings, bridges, dams, and other infrastructure. Engineers use strain analysis to ensure that these structures can withstand loads such as weight, wind, and seismic activity.
[13] How to Conduct a Stress Analysis on a Complex Structure — Introduction Stress analysis is an essential step in the design and engineering of complex structures, ensuring that they can safely withstand the loads and forces they will encounter during their service life. It involves assessing the distribution of internal stresses within a structure due to applied loads, allowing engineers to identify potential failure points and optimize the design to
[15] The Importance of Stress Analysis in Mechanical Engineering — Mechanical Engineers can add value during mechanical design by performing stress analysis of the structure, component, or machine before it is completed. Stress analysis leads to a better product or part, building confidence and trust. Stress analysis can result in a better product in terms of design and better stress-withstanding capabilities.
[16] Predictive modeling of reservoir geomechanical parameters through ... — The integration of geomechanics principles into the petroleum industry has a significant impact on drilling expenses, reduces operational risks, and helps in drill bit selection (Mohamadian et al. 2021).Geomechanical parameters, elastic properties, and rock strength are fundamental sources for ensuring the stability of wellbores, preventing collapse hazards, enabling effective hydraulic
[17] 4D Geomechanics Application for Successful Well Drilling Plan — Its relevance is further accentuated during well-planning in challenging, depleted terrains. This technical discourse elucidates the integration of 4D geomechanical modeling into the strategic
[22] PDF — the U-Net model can drastically reduce the computational cost of well placement workflows by replacing coupled physics simulation with a fast proxy model that can be used to predict the geomechanical risk associated with different well location and injection strategies. The developed framework can be used to
[23] Review of Cross-Field Application of Geomechanics — Material science advancements offer new ways to enhance geomechanical materials. Research should focus on developing environmentally friendly and efficient material enhancement techniques. As the need for sustainable energy and environmental protection grows, geomechanics will play a more significant role in resource exploration and
[24] Deep learning for geological hazards analysis: Data, models ... — Recently, the dramatic increase in the volume of various types of Earth observation ‘big data’ from multiple sources, and the rapid development of deep learning as a state-of-the-art data analysis tool, have enabled novel advances in geological hazard analysis, with the ultimate aim to mitigate the devastation associated with these hazards. Motivated by numerous applications, this paper presents an overview of the advances in the utilization of deep learning for geological hazard analysis. Third, focusing on six typical geological hazards, i.e., landslides, debris flows, rockfalls, avalanches, earthquakes, and volcanoes, the deep learning applications for geological hazard analysis are reviewed, and common application paradigms are summarized. Finally, the challenges and opportunities for the application of deep learning models for geological hazard analysis are highlighted, with the aim to inspire further related research.
[40] Geomechanics: History, Modern State and Prospects of Development — A B S T R A C T : The history and the main steps of development of geomechanics is considered. The modern state of modelling of the mechanical processes taking place in rock mass is given. K E Y W O R D S : Geomechanics, mathematical modeling, mechanical processes, longwall method, rope saw mining, gas-dynamics manifestation The history of development of geomechanics covers a relatively short
[41] Geomechanics: historical contributions, current challenges and ... — Geomechanics is a marginal subject combining mechanics and geology and thus can be regarded as a branch of mechanics. Geomechanics is a descipline invented by China, and has made outstanding contributions in both theoretical and practical fields fulfilling national key demands.
[42] An Introduction to Geomechanics - GeoExpro — Geomechanics is the study of how subsurface rocks deform or fail in response to changes of stress, pressure and temperature and it is becoming increasingly important in oil and gas exploration. Any formation or reservoir geomechanical assessment therefore starts with analyzing the stresses, strength and pressure profiles of the rocks, so an understanding of the geological history of the formation of interest is crucial for its reliable geomechanical characterization. In the pre-drill exploration stage, it is used to model in situ stresses and profile the rock properties, but it is equally important for ensuring borehole stability, predicting sand production, estimating and monitoring the effects of hydraulic fracturing and ensuring safe operating pressure and temperature envelopes for IOR and EOR developments.
[43] Exploring the Historical Evolution of Geotechnical Engineering — Projects Exploring the Historical Evolution of Geotechnical Engineering In this article, we will embark on an exciting journey through the historical evolution of geotechnical engineering, exploring key milestones and revealing fascinating facts that few are aware of. The arrival of the Industrial Revolution marked a turning point for geotechnical engineering, as the growing demand for infrastructure required a deeper knowledge of soil behavior. The 20th century witnessed revolutionary advances in geotechnical engineering thanks to the introduction of new techniques and technologies. Overall, the historical evolution of geotechnical engineering showcases the continuous quest for understanding and harnessing the properties of soil and rock. Reducing Uncertainty and Cost Overruns in High-Complexity Projects with Artificial Intelligence
[44] Exploring the Historical Evolution of Geotechnical Engineering — During the 19th century, visionary engineers such as Karl von Terzaghi and Arthur Casagrande carried out extensive studies and developed methods to analyze the strength and stability of structures. In particular, Terzaghi is recognized as the father of modern soil mechanics for developing the revolutionary concept of effective stress, which is
[57] Historical Development of Material Science — The 20th century saw rapid advancements in Material Science, driven by the needs of World War II and the subsequent technological boom. The development of synthetic polymers, semiconductors, and composite materials revolutionized industries ranging from electronics to aerospace.
[58] The Evolution of Geotechnical Construction Techniques — In recent decades, breakthroughs in material science have played a pivotal role in advancing geotechnical construction. The introduction of innovative materials characterized by enhanced durability, strength, and environmental sustainability has become a hallmark of modern geotechnical practices.
[59] History and Evolution of Geophysics: From Foundations to Modern ... — The 20th century witnessed remarkable growth in geophysics, driven by advancements in science, technology, and industrial demands for natural resources. Geophysical exploration techniques evolved rapidly, with significant contributions to the fields of seismology, electromagnetics, and radiometry.
[67] 7.5: Stress and Strain - Geosciences LibreTexts — Strain is any change in volume or shape.There are four general types of stress. One type of stress is uniform, which means the force applies equally on all sides of a body of rock. The other three types of stress, tension, compression and shear, are non-uniform, or directed, stresses.All rocks in the earth experience a uniform stress at all times.
[69] 9.1: Stress and Strain - Geosciences LibreTexts — Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\): Types of stress. Clockwise from top left: tensional stress, compressional stress, and shear stress, and some examples of resulting strain. Stress is the force exerted per unit area and strain is the physical change that results in response to that force. When the applied stress is greater than the internal strength of
[83] Symposium Review: Unlocking the potential of sustainable energy in ... — The International Geomechanics Symposium (IGS) took place from 30 October to 2 November 2023 in Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia. The theme was "The role of geomechanics for efficient and sustainable energy supply." The event served as a platform for more than 300 experts to engage in a stimulating exchange of knowledge and ideas.
[85] Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering | ScienceDirect ... — Recent advancements in geomechanics have highlighted the critical importance of understanding geomaterial behaviour across micro and macro scales. The integration of innovative experimental methods with advanced numerical modelling is pivotal for tackling the complex challenges posed by modern geotechnical and environmental demands. Techniques
[87] Eco-geotechnics under climate change: A state-of-the-art review — Eco-geotechnics under climate change: A state-of-the-art review - ScienceDirect Eco-geotechnics under climate change: A state-of-the-art review open access This paper also reviews recent advancements in constitutive modelling of vegetated soils, particularly focusing on a novel eco-unsaturated soil model. By integrating ecological and geotechnical processes, a comprehensive framework is recommended for future research directions in eco-geotechnics, which will ultimately facilitate the development of resilient engineering solutions that can withstand the challenges posed by climate change. The insights gained will be invaluable for improving the sustainability of geotechnical practices and enhancing the resilience of infrastructures in a changing climate. For all open access content, the relevant licensing terms apply.
[88] Geosynthetic Solutions for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure ... — Geosynthetic engineering has made significant advances during the past decade in the areas of manufacturing and practical applications. As a result, geosynthetics have become essential materials that facilitate construction, better improve short- and long-term performance, and reduce long-term maintenance costs in routine civil engineering projects. Geosynthetics are also being recognized as
[93] Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment - ScienceDirect — Energy Geotechnology: Recent Advancements in Geotechnical Engineering for Energy Applications Energy geotechnology focuses on the research and application of geotechnical principles and techniques in the exploration, extraction, storage, and utilization of various forms of energy resources.
[94] Advancements in geomechanics — Advancements in geomechanics for sustainable energy solutions Image courtesy of David Haddad Geomechanics plays a crucial role across multiple sectors of the energy value chain, including hydrocarbon exploration and development, carbon capture and storage, hydrogen exploration and development, and enhanced geothermal systems.
[95] Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering | ScienceDirect ... — Recent advancements in geomechanics have highlighted the critical importance of understanding geomaterial behaviour across micro and macro scales. The integration of innovative experimental methods with advanced numerical modelling is pivotal for tackling the complex challenges posed by modern geotechnical and environmental demands.
[96] Geomechanics for energy and the environment: Current developments — Geomechanics is advancing our understanding of the multi-physical processes encountered in engineering practices involving energy storage and production and environmental protection for which the characterization of the behavior of relevant materials is essential. Trends based on publications in the Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment Journal over the past seven years have revealed
[110] Keynote lecture: Seven lessons of geomechanics software development — The paper argues that, due to challenges such as large uncertainty and presence of ill-posed problems, simple models are well suited to mining geomechanics. It builds its case by defining what models … Expand
[111] GeoMFree3D: A package of meshfree local Radial Point Interpolation ... — In this paper, a local RPIM-based meshfree software package GeoMFree 3D is reported. The motivation for developing GeoMFree 3D is to be able to numerically analyze the deformations and failures of rock and soil masses. Currently, the package GeoMFree 3D is under intensive development.
[112] Review of Cross-Field Application of Geomechanics — Mohamadian, N., Ghorbani, H., Wood, D.A., et al.: A geomechanical approach to casing collapse prediction in oil and gas wells aided by machine learning. BhattacharyA, S., Ghahfarokhi, P.K., Carr, T.R., et al.: Application of predictive data analytics to model daily hydrocarbon production using petrophysical, geomechanical, fiber-optic, completions, and surface data: a case study from the Marcellus Shale, North America. Mohamadian, N., Ghorbani, H., Wood, D.A., et al.: A geomechanical approach to casing collapse prediction in oil and gas wells aided by machine learning. BhattacharyA, S., Ghahfarokhi, P.K., Carr, T.R., et al.: Application of predictive data analytics to model daily hydrocarbon production using petrophysical, geomechanical, fiber-optic, completions, and surface data: a case study from the Marcellus Shale, North America.
[126] The Defining Series: Geomechanics - SLB — At the wellbore scale, geomechanics is central to understanding how drill bits remove rock, characterizing borehole stability, predicting the stability of perforation tunnels and designing and monitoring hydraulic fracturing stimulation programs. At the reservoir scale, geomechanics helps model fluid movement and predict how fluid removal or injection leads to changes in permeability, fluid pressure and in situ rock stresses that can have significant effects on reservoir performance. The most important defining feature of an MEM is that its data are related to the rocks that are being drilled, fractured or otherwise affected by field operations, rather than a particular well or set of wells. Geomechanics Laboratory Services Quantitatively assess reservoir properties that affect drilling and production performance Better understand the interactions between rock fabric, in situ pressures, and temperature with lab precision.
[128] Numerical Analysis of Multiple Factors Affecting Hydraulic Fracturing ... — An optimized hydraulic fracture design requires a comprehensive understanding of the coupling effects of multiple controlling factors on HF propagation and SRV and finds the optimal combinations of geomechanical conditions and fracturing operations.
[129] Influence of rock heterogeneity on hydraulic fracturing: A parametric ... — The results indicate that under the influence of rock heterogeneity, the effect of far-field stress on hydraulic fracturing of reservoir rock will also vary. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the influence of far-field stress and heterogeneous characteristics in hydraulic fracturing simulations.
[130] The Influence of Rock and Natural Weak Plane Properties on the ... - MDPI — Therefore, studying the impact of rock and natural weak plane properties on the vertical propagation patterns of hydraulic fractures is crucial for formulating and implementing effective production enhancement strategies for shale reservoirs.
[131] Influence of Rock Properties and Geomechanics on Hydraulic Fracturing ... — These high strength values limit not only fracture initiation, but also the identification of suitable intervals favorable for fracturing, which has become a critical factor for a successful stimulation program. High in-situ stresses and large variability in pore pressure and rock properties are also observed at the Amin level.
[132] Advanced three-dimensional reservoir geomechanical modeling for ... — Subsequently, a 3D model is developed via geostatistical simulation techniques, integrating well logs, seismic data, and core data reservoir geomechanical analysis. The modeling results show that the minimum and maximum horizontal stresses are 74-84 MPa and 95-106 MPa, respectively.
[134] Multi‐Scale Geomechanical Modelling of ... - Wiley Online Library — 3D geomechanical model outputs mechanical stratigraphy and interfaces classification upscaled away from wellbore locations and predicts in situ stresses using finite element method (FEM), which provide inputs for hydraulic fracturing design and modelling coupled with flow modelling, thus a more reliable parameters optimisation and finally optimal assessment and development plan. The 3D initial stresses distribution are calculated automatically through the geostatic step once initial conditions and boundary (constraint) conditions are applied to the geomechanical model: initial condition is inherited from the overburden stress distribution in step 3 and initial pore pressure distribution calculated in step 4; stress calculation is constrained by 1D in situ stresses calculated at single-well location derived from real-time well-logging data in section step 1.
[135] Utilizing Surface Drilling Data to Generate Geomechanical Values for Use — 2.1 Geomechanics and Rock Strength Data Geomechanical rock strength data has many purposes and applications throughout the design and execution process of drilling, stimulating and producing oil and gas wells. Geomechanical data such as rock strength values can be used for wellbore design and optimization during the drilling process.
[137] Influencing Drilling Decisions: Challenges and Lessons from ... - OnePetro — Drilling in tectonically active thrust-fold regions is normally challenging due to pore pressure and wellbore instability problems. Gaining control of these problems can be even more difficult due to the complex geomechanical behavior of the formations to be drilled. This paper presents a case study on how the use of an iterative geomechanics approach combined with drilling fluid optimization
[138] Geomechanical modeling using the depth-of-damage approach to achieve ... — Integration of drilling data and geomechanical analysis during this study helped to generate an effective well design that reduced non-productive time while drilling and delivered a wellbore diameter across the reservoir zones that ultimately enhanced well productivity.
[139] Real-time estimation of geomechanical characteristics using drilling ... — In the pursuit of real-time estimation of geomechanical characteristics, this study integrates surface drilling telemetry with Logging While Drilling (LWD) to predict shear wave velocity (Vs) and other essential elastic properties of rock formations.Real-time prediction of these parameters is crucial for enhancing wellbore stability, fracture propagation, and geosteering operations, thereby
[140] Incorporating Geomechanics Into The Well Design Process - A ... - OnePetro — The geomechanical model provided information critical to making informed decisions in the planning and drilling process and the well was completed successfully with minimal wellbore stability problems.
[143] How Geomechanics Applied in Reservoir Engineering to Optimize ... — Application AreaDescriptionBenefitsWellbore Stability AnalysisAnalyzing stress and rock properties around the wellbore to prevent collapse during drilling.Reduces drilling risks, optimizes well placement, and lowers costs.Hydraulic Fracturing DesignDesigning hydraulic fracturing networks by understanding stress fields and rock behavior.Increases production efficiency, improves fracture geometry control.Reservoir Compaction and SubsidenceAssessing the potential for ground subsidence due to fluid extraction and compaction of reservoir rocks.Protects surface infrastructure and optimizes extraction rates.Sand Production PredictionPredicting when and where sand particles may dislodge due to changes in pressure and stress.Minimizes equipment wear and improves production consistency.Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)Using thermal, chemical, or gas injection methods while monitoring geomechanical responses.Increases recovery rates and prolongs reservoir lifespan.Fault and Fracture ManagementManaging fault stability and predicting fracture reactivation during production.Reduces seismic risks and enhances reservoir safety.Reservoir Simulation and ModelingIntegrating geomechanical properties into reservoir models for accurate performance forecasting.Improves reservoir management and decision-making accuracy.CO₂ Sequestration and StorageAssessing the feasibility of storing CO₂ safely within geological formations.Supports sustainable practices and reduces environmental impact.Thermal Recovery OperationsEvaluating rock behavior in thermal recovery methods like steam injection, affecting stress fields.Enhances recovery from heavy oil reservoirs with controlled stress impact.
[148] The geology of geomechanics: petroleum geomechanical engineering in ... — The application of geomechanics to oil and gas field development leads to significant improvements in the economic performance of the asset. The geomechanical issues that affect field development start at the exploration stage and continue to affect appraisal and development decisions all the way through to field abandonment.
[149] How Geomechanics Applied in Reservoir Engineering to Optimize ... — Application AreaDescriptionBenefitsWellbore Stability AnalysisAnalyzing stress and rock properties around the wellbore to prevent collapse during drilling.Reduces drilling risks, optimizes well placement, and lowers costs.Hydraulic Fracturing DesignDesigning hydraulic fracturing networks by understanding stress fields and rock behavior.Increases production efficiency, improves fracture geometry control.Reservoir Compaction and SubsidenceAssessing the potential for ground subsidence due to fluid extraction and compaction of reservoir rocks.Protects surface infrastructure and optimizes extraction rates.Sand Production PredictionPredicting when and where sand particles may dislodge due to changes in pressure and stress.Minimizes equipment wear and improves production consistency.Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)Using thermal, chemical, or gas injection methods while monitoring geomechanical responses.Increases recovery rates and prolongs reservoir lifespan.Fault and Fracture ManagementManaging fault stability and predicting fracture reactivation during production.Reduces seismic risks and enhances reservoir safety.Reservoir Simulation and ModelingIntegrating geomechanical properties into reservoir models for accurate performance forecasting.Improves reservoir management and decision-making accuracy.CO₂ Sequestration and StorageAssessing the feasibility of storing CO₂ safely within geological formations.Supports sustainable practices and reduces environmental impact.Thermal Recovery OperationsEvaluating rock behavior in thermal recovery methods like steam injection, affecting stress fields.Enhances recovery from heavy oil reservoirs with controlled stress impact.
[150] The Defining Series: Geomechanics - SLB — At the wellbore scale, geomechanics is central to understanding how drill bits remove rock, characterizing borehole stability, predicting the stability of perforation tunnels and designing and monitoring hydraulic fracturing stimulation programs. At the reservoir scale, geomechanics helps model fluid movement and predict how fluid removal or injection leads to changes in permeability, fluid pressure and in situ rock stresses that can have significant effects on reservoir performance. The most important defining feature of an MEM is that its data are related to the rocks that are being drilled, fractured or otherwise affected by field operations, rather than a particular well or set of wells. Geomechanics Laboratory Services Quantitatively assess reservoir properties that affect drilling and production performance Better understand the interactions between rock fabric, in situ pressures, and temperature with lab precision.
[151] Reservoir Geomechanics - an Important Element of Unconventional ... — Over the years, the University of Alberta has been developing many experimental designs and numerical modelling tools to help provide realistic assessment and forecast of geomechanical response of reservoir under various unconventional resource development strategies. Some may have significant environment impact and/or economic implication.
[167] Geomechanical modeling - workflow and Applications - ResearchGate — The first step in building a geomechanical model is gathering data regarding well information (tubing, casing, deviation…), geological information (type of fault, permeability, reservoir radius
[168] The Defining Series: Geomechanics - SLB — At the wellbore scale, geomechanics is central to understanding how drill bits remove rock, characterizing borehole stability, predicting the stability of perforation tunnels and designing and monitoring hydraulic fracturing stimulation programs. At the reservoir scale, geomechanics helps model fluid movement and predict how fluid removal or injection leads to changes in permeability, fluid pressure and in situ rock stresses that can have significant effects on reservoir performance. The most important defining feature of an MEM is that its data are related to the rocks that are being drilled, fractured or otherwise affected by field operations, rather than a particular well or set of wells. Geomechanics Laboratory Services Quantitatively assess reservoir properties that affect drilling and production performance Better understand the interactions between rock fabric, in situ pressures, and temperature with lab precision.
[169] Geomechanical modeling - workflow and Applications - ResearchGate — The second step is to build the geomechanical model using data analysis so that information about state of stress (vertical and principal horizontal stresses, pore pressure, concentration stress
[171] Enhancing breakout identification in geomechanical modeling: using ... — Geomechanical modeling has illustrated that intelligent approaches for breakout prediction enhance the accuracy of the geomechanical models. This work will finally illustrate how machine learning can enhance breakout zone detection, further enhance geomechanical modeling and optimize oil and gas development by ensuring stability in the wellbore.
[172] Advanced three-dimensional reservoir geomechanical modeling for ... — Subsequently, a 3D model is developed via geostatistical simulation techniques, integrating well logs, seismic data, and core data reservoir geomechanical analysis. The modeling results show that the minimum and maximum horizontal stresses are 74-84 MPa and 95-106 MPa, respectively.
[174] A Practical Iterative Scheme for Coupling Geomechanics With Reservoir ... — Summary. The use of reservoir simulation coupled with geomechanics has been increasing in recent years as its utility in modeling physical phenomena such as compaction, subsidence, induced fracturing, enhancement of natural fractures and/or fault activation, and steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) recovery has become apparent. Among different methods investigated by researchers, the
[177] PDF — Traditionally, reservoir simulators have simpli ed the mechanical rock response by reducing it to a single uniaxial compressibility coe cient (usually assumed constant). However, in particular due to the increased interest in unconventional resources, such as shales, multiple e orts have been made to integrate proper geomechanical modeling 1
[179] Predictive models and feature ranking in reservoir geomechanics: A ... — The major advantages of machine learning approach with ANN tool are: i) neural network enables a high prediction accuracy where it captures better the non-linear and multi-dimensional relationships among data sets, contrasted to the classic statistical regression techniques, and ii) it offers a more fitting and user-friendly predictive models
[185] Role of critical data for geomechanical modeling and characterization ... — The scarcity of data is a challenge, as is the absence of a sound and verified geomechanical model for site characterization during the assessment phase. We need a better understanding of critical data regarding current hydrocarbon fields identified as potential CO 2 storage sites in the future for the construction of MEMs. These include
[186] Real-time estimation of geomechanical characteristics using drilling ... — The challenge of acquiring these elastic parameters, particularly Vs, highlights the limitations of traditional methods such as LWD ... bridging the gap between real-time data and geomechanical modeling. This innovative approach emphasizes the importance of adapting ML models to the dynamic nature of drilling environments, showcasing the
[187] (PDF) The Critical Roles of Geomechanical Modeling ... - ResearchGate — This integrated approach will incorporate all available field data, including seismic velocities, petrophysical well logs, geological, and structural models that will be used to construct 3D
[188] Review of Cross-Field Application of Geomechanics — Mohamadian, N., Ghorbani, H., Wood, D.A., et al.: A geomechanical approach to casing collapse prediction in oil and gas wells aided by machine learning. BhattacharyA, S., Ghahfarokhi, P.K., Carr, T.R., et al.: Application of predictive data analytics to model daily hydrocarbon production using petrophysical, geomechanical, fiber-optic, completions, and surface data: a case study from the Marcellus Shale, North America. Mohamadian, N., Ghorbani, H., Wood, D.A., et al.: A geomechanical approach to casing collapse prediction in oil and gas wells aided by machine learning. BhattacharyA, S., Ghahfarokhi, P.K., Carr, T.R., et al.: Application of predictive data analytics to model daily hydrocarbon production using petrophysical, geomechanical, fiber-optic, completions, and surface data: a case study from the Marcellus Shale, North America.
[209] Environmental Geomechanics - Academia.edu — Environmental geomechanics also deals with the durability of geomaterials such as natural stone, concrete, brick Finally an important topic with environmental implications is surface subsidence due to groundwater withdrawal or as experienced above exploited hydrocarbon reservoirs.
[210] Environmental Geomechanics - infoscience.epfl.ch — « Environmental Geomechanics » is a relatively new discipline at the interface between built and natural environment. It is devoted to the understanding of the mechanical behavior of geomaterials (mainly soil and rock but also concrete and others) under various environmental conditions. The new theories and models developed in this context will find applications in a large field of
[213] Risk assessment and its influencing factors analysis of geological ... — This study selects 8 indicators including elevation, slope, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), lithology, land use type, average annual precipitation, distance from rivers and distance from faults to construct an evaluation index system, and reveal the spatial pattern and its influencing factors of the risk of geological hazards in Fujian Province based on the information quantity model and geodetector method. Based on the characteristics of the typical mountainous environment in Fujian Province, this study selected eight factors including elevation, slope, NDVI, lithology, land use type, average annual precipitation, distance from rivers, and distance from faults to construct an evaluation index system, and based on the information quantity model and geodetector method to evaluate the risk of geological hazards in Fujian Province in terms of overall characteristics, spatial distribution and
[215] PDF — case of clay liners the diffusion phenomenon is the dominant mechanism of contaminant transport. Migration of contaminants by diffusion mechanism takes place only due to concentration gradient. Consequently, obtaining the diffusion characteristics of various geomaterials using conventional laboratory studies is quite challenging
[216] Contaminant Transport - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics — Mechanisms that control transport may be the same that control availability to organisms, and thus contaminant fate. Therefore, these concepts are closely related. Any study on the fate of pollutants in the environment is indeed a complex issue, since it involves movements from and to different compartments (soils, water, and air), and transfer
[217] The Role of Groundwater in Geotechnical Engineering - Turn2Engineering — Groundwater is a fundamental aspect of geotechnical engineering, influencing the behavior of soils, the stability of foundations, and the overall integrity of engineering structures. By understanding and effectively managing groundwater, geotechnical engineers can design safe, sustainable, and resilient infrastructures that withstand
[221] Experimental study of land subsidence in response to groundwater ... — 1. Introduction. Land subsidence induced by groundwater withdrawal has been a worldwide problem [1-3], and more than 60 countries around the world are facing issues associated with this problem [].Land subsidence usually leads to damage to the aquifer system, decrease in water quality, and destruction of subsurface and surface structures, such as underground tunnels, buildings, roads
[223] RISE-UP: Resilience in urban planning for climate uncertainty-empirical ... — In its recent chapter on 'Urban Areas,' the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) highlighted the importance of promoting the resilience of urban areas as a central policy consideration (Lwasa et al., 2022). Especially for long-term urban planning, climate change brings significant uncertainty compounded by environmental, societal, and economic drivers. To manage uncertainties
[251] Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering | ScienceDirect ... — Recent advancements in geomechanics have highlighted the critical importance of understanding geomaterial behaviour across micro and macro scales. The integration of innovative experimental methods with advanced numerical modelling is pivotal for tackling the complex challenges posed by modern geotechnical and environmental demands. Techniques
[252] Challenges and Innovations in Geomechanics - Springer — This book gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of computational geomechanics, as presented by international researchers and engineers at the 16th International Conference of the International Association for Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics (IACMAG), held in Turin, Italy on August 30 - September 2, 2022. Contributions include a wide range of topics in geomechanics such as: laboratory and field testing, constitutive modelling, monitoring and remote sensing, multiphase modelling, reliability and risk analysis, surface structures, deep structures, dams and earth structures, natural slopes, mining engineering, earthquake and dynamics, soil-atmosphere interaction, ice mechanics, landfills and waste disposal, gas and petroleum engineering, geothermal energy, offshore technology, energy geostructures and computational rail geotechnics. Editors: Marco Barla, Alice Di Donna, Donatella Sterpi, Alessandra Insana
[255] Machine Learning and Data-Driven Computing in Geomechanics and ... — These complex characteristics and high dimensionality pose considerable experimental and computational challenges for modeling, forecast and design. Recent advancements in machine learning and data-driven computing provide new possibilities for the modeling and simulation of complex geomechanics and geotechnical engineering problems.
[256] State-of-the-art review on the use of AI-enhanced computational ... — The growth of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in recent years has opened unique possibilities in various research domains, particularly in geotechnical engineering (Merghadi et al. AI has made significant progress in predicting the mechanical properties of geotechnical engineering materials like soil and rock (Yin et al. Advanced algorithms such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Random Forest (RF), and Support Vector Machines (SVM) have been widely applied, enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of predictions regarding properties such as strength and modulus (Jan et al. Secondly, with diverse geotechnical experimental data fed into the database, AI can put forward unified models to simulate the behaviour of a range of materials (Zhou et al.
[257] Progression of artificial intelligence/machine learning in geotechnical ... — Detailed descriptions of AI/ML applications in geotechnical engineering are beyond the scope of this short review paper and can be found elsewhere (e.g. Baghbani et al., 2022; Shahin, 2013). Despite the success of AI/ML techniques in geotechnical engineering, AI/ML models have certain limitations that have been addressed and discussed in detail by the author (see Shahin, 2013; Shahin, 2015) and several other researchers (e.g. Zhang et al., 2023). Within the field of geotechnical engineering, the author has extensively expressed the results of many trained AI/ML models (see, e.g. Du et al., 2021) in different geotechnical engineering applications in the form of relatively simple equations that are easy to interpret, which was possible due to the small number of input and output variables available in the developed models.
[258] Role of AI in Geotechnical Engineering — However, with the advent of artificial intelligence (AI), geotechnical engineering is undergoing a significant transformation. AI offers innovative solutions for analyzing complex data, improving design accuracy, predicting geological hazards, and optimizing construction processes. Applications of AI in Geotechnical Engineering
[259] Geomechanics: The Backbone of Geothermal Energy — The future use and application of geomechanics in geothermal energy could unlock immense resource potential, with technological advancements and a growing emphasis on sustainable energy sources. By integrating advanced numerical modeling techniques, machine learning, and real-time monitoring, geomechanics will be crucial in optimizing well
[260] Advanced Geothermal Modelling | Geothermal Institute — The Geothermal Institute uses an integrated framework for developing a digital conceptual model, and then the corresponding numerical reservoir model of a geothermal field. This Integrated Modelling Framework ensures consistency between the conceptual understanding of a geothermal system and its numerical model, allowing reservoir models to be
[261] The challenges of geothermal energy | RPS Insights | RPS — One of the historic and oft-repeated challenges of geothermal energy is that it could trigger seismic events such as earthquakes. However, recent research by Caltech suggests that geothermal energy development could reduce stress and aftershocks and prevent earthquakes of a larger magnitude in the same area in the future.
[264] Machine Learning Methods and Applications in Geoengineering and ... — Machine Learning Methods and Applications in Geoengineering and Geomechanics The concept of Big Data naturally agrees well with geoengineering and geomechanics, in which the exciting field of sensing techniques is advancing. This understanding would come through the analysis of increasingly large geo-datasets and from computationally intensive simulations. As a result, large-scale
[265] Overview of Machine Learning in Geomechanics - Machine Learning in ... — Machine learning (ML) is an evolving field of knowledge and involves a plethora of methods and combinations of those. ML methods are classified into different categories: supervised learning versus unsupervised learning, batch learning versus online learning, and instance-based learning versus model-based learning. This chapter discusses the applications of ML in geomechanics, including
[270] Role of AI in Geotechnical Engineering — Geotechnical engineering designs such as foundation analysis, design, and construction, design of retaining structures, soil investigations, soil, etc. Home>>General>>Role of AI in Geotechnical Engineering This article discusses the role of AI in geotechnical engineering. Geotechnical engineering, a branch of civil engineering, focuses on the behavior of earth materials and the application of soil and rock mechanics principles in the design of foundations, slopes, retaining structures, and other systems supported by the ground. AI is transforming geotechnical engineering by providing advanced tools for data analysis, predictive modeling, and real-time monitoring. Construction Material (5) Foundation (23) General (1) Pile Foundations (5) Retaining Structures (12) Rock (14) Slope Stability (7) Soil (26) Soil Investigation (4) Testing (2)
[271] AI Use Cases in Geotechnical Engineering - saalg.com — Geotechnical engineering, positioned at the forefront of civil engineering, relies heavily on precise data interpretation to inform decision-making in construction projects. In this landscape, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) emerges as a transformative force, reshaping the traditional approaches to challenges in geotechnical engineering. Slope stability analysis, a cardinal facet of geotechnical engineering, reaps considerable benefits from AI's analytical prowess in processing data correlated with topography, soil properties, and precipitation patterns. In the dynamic realm of geotechnical engineering, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has ushered in a transformative era, reshaping conventional methodologies and amplifying the precision applied to construction projects. geotechnical, software engineer, geotechnical engineering software, construction AI, civil engineering software
[272] Application of artificial intelligence in geotechnical engineering: A ... — AI methods most commonly used in geotechnical engineering research include Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) (Haykin, 1999; Sharkey, 2012), Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) (Jouffe, 1998), Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) (Walia et al., 2015), Genetic Algorithms (GA) (Kumar et al., 2010), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) (Eberhart and Kennedy, 1995; Poli et al., 2007; Settles, 2005), Support Vector Machine (SVM) (Jakkula, 2006; Wang, 2005) and deep learning (Xu et al., 2021). The results of a review study of artificial intelligence models in predicting leakage and pore water pressure of dams show that machine learning (37.53%), neural network (27.63%), and hybrid models (21.05%) are more popular than other techniques.
[276] PDF — the potential of utilizing geothermal brine fluids for mineral extraction as a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional mining practices . This review paper explores the potential of geothermal energy to extract critical metal-lic minerals and contribute to Europe's energy security and sustainability.
[277] Sustainable Lithium Recovery from Geothermal Brine via Integrated ... — The escalating global demand for lithium, driven by its crucial role in energy storage systems and the transition to renewable energy, necessitates sustainable extraction methods from innovative sources such as geothermal brines, salt lakes and recycled batteries. Geothermal brine offers a dual advantage as
[278] Environmental Impacts of Geothermal Energy: Is It Clean Energy? — One of the environmental impacts of geothermal energy extraction is land subsidence, which refers to a gradual sinking or sudden dropping of the Earth's surface. Subsidence can occur when there is an excessive removal of fluids from underground reservoirs, which can cause the ground to sink.
[279] What is the Environmental Impact of Geothermal Energy? — While geothermal energy holds significant environmental benefits, it is essential to acknowledge and address potential challenges associated with its utilization. 1. Induced Seismicity. The injection and extraction of fluids in geothermal reservoirs can induce seismic activity, albeit typically at low magnitudes.